干旱胁迫对翅茎白粉藤光合作用及叶绿体超微结构的影响  

Effects of Drought Stress on Photosynthesis and Chloroplast Ultrastructures ofCissus hexangularis

作　　者：李进华[1] 麦生威 李冰[1] 赵伟 吴国文 张广照 唐庆[1] Li Jinhua;Mai Shengwei;Li Bing;Zhao Wei;Wu Guowen;Zhang Guangzhao;Tang Qing(Guangxi Forestry Research Institute,Nanning,Guangxi 530002,China;Guangxi Xinxiang Expressway Co.,Ltd.,Chongzuo,Guangxi 532200,China;Guangxi Traffic Investment Group Chongzuo Expressway Operation Co.,Ltd.,Chongzuo,Guangxi 532200,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院,广西南宁530002 [2]广西新祥高速公路有限公司,广西崇左532200 [3]广西交通投资集团崇左高速公路运营有限公司,广西崇左532200

出　　处：《广西林业科学》2023年第6期707-712,共6页Guangxi Forestry Science

基　　金：广西乡土藤本在石质边坡快速生态恢复应用研究与示范(新祥合工2022-0003号);广西科技基地和人才专项(桂科AD17129021)。

摘　　要：为探索翅茎白粉藤(Cissus hexangularis)的耐旱性,为矿山修复、石质边坡绿化及屋顶绿化等恶劣环境选择植物提供科学依据,以翅茎白粉藤为试验材料,设置正常浇水、中度干旱胁迫和重度干旱胁迫3个处理,分析不同干旱胁迫对翅茎白粉藤生长性状、光合参数及叶绿体超微结构的影响。结果表明,在中度和重度干旱胁迫下,胁迫后,株高、地上部分鲜重、地下部分鲜重和叶片数均增加,地径、叶长、叶宽和根冠比均降低。随干旱胁迫程度增加,株高增量增加;地上部分鲜重和地下部分鲜重增量均呈先增后降的趋势;地径、叶长、叶宽和叶片数增量均呈降低趋势;根冠比增量呈增加趋势。中度干旱胁迫和重度干旱胁迫下,翅茎白粉藤叶片的净光合速率、气孔导度和胞间CO_(2)浓度日变化曲线类型均为双峰形,均表现出明显的光合“午休”现象。气孔导度、胞间CO_(2)浓度和蒸腾速率日均值均降低;净光合速率和水分利用率日均值均呈先升后降的趋势,均在中度干旱胁迫下较高。叶绿体的结构遭到一定程度损坏,受损程度随干旱胁迫程度增加而增加,但是未见死亡植株,表明翅茎白粉藤具有一定的抗旱性。In order to explore drought tolerance of Cissus hexangularis and provide scientific basis for selecting plants in harsh environments such as mine restoration,stone slope greening and roof greening,taking C.hexan-gularis as experimental materials,setting normal watering,moderate drought stress and severe drought stress,effects of drought stress on growth traits,photosynthetic parameters and chloroplast ultrastructures of C.hexan-gularis were analyzed.Results showed that plant height,fresh weight of aboveground part,fresh weight of under-ground part and number of leaves increased,and ground diameter,leaf length,leaf width and root-shoot ratio decreased after stress under moderate and severe stress.With increase of drought stress degree,increment of plant height increased,increment of fresh weight of aboveground part and fresh weight of underground part showed trends of increase firstly and then decrease,increment of ground diameter,leaf length,leaf width and number of leaves showed trends of decrease,and increment of root-shoot ratio showed trend of increase.Under moderate and severe drought stress,diurnal variation curves of net photosynthetic rates,stomatal conductances and inter-cellular CO_(2) concentrations of C.hexangularis leaves had double peaks,showing obvious lunch break in photosynthesis.Daily mean values of stomatal conductance,inter-cellular CO_(2) concentration and transpira-tion rate were all decreased.Daily mean values of net photosynthetic rate and water use efficiency showed trends of increase firstly and then decrease,which were higher in moderate drought stress.Structure of chloro-plasts was damaged to a certain extent,and degree of damage increased with increase of drought stress degree,but there was no death of plants,which indicated that C.hexangularis had drought resistance to a certein extern.

关 键 词：光合作用 叶绿体超微结构 翅茎白粉藤 

分 类 号：S567.239[农业科学—中草药栽培]