苦楝和香椿木材解剖性质研究  

Anatomical Properties of Melia azedarach and Toona sinensis Woods

作　　者：宋恋环 雷福娟[1] 黄耀恒[1] 王军锋[1] 龙大军[2] Song Lianhuan;Lei Fujuan;Huang Yaoheng;Wang Junfeng;Long Dajun(Guangxi Forestry Research Institute,Guangxi Quality Control of Wood Resources Cultivation Research Center of Engineering Technology,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Superior Timber Trees Resource Cultivation,Nanning,Guangxi 530002,China;Guangxi Eco-Engineering Vocational&Technical College,Liuzhou,Guangxi 545004,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院,广西木材资源培育质量控制工程技术研究中心,广西优良用材林资源培育重点实验室,广西南宁530002 [2]广西生态工程职业技术学院,广西柳州545004

出　　处：《广西林业科学》2023年第6期781-786,共6页Guangxi Forestry Science

基　　金：广西林草种质资源普查与收集(桂林科字[2021]第34号)。

摘　　要：为给苦楝(Melia azedarach)和香椿(Toona sinensis)木材的利用提供理论参考,以10年生苦楝木材和17年生香椿木材为研究对象,采用光学显微镜对其主要解剖性质进行分析。结果表明,苦楝木材为环孔材或半环孔材,香椿木材为环孔材;两种木材的生长轮均明显,弦切面上均呈倒“V”字或山水状花纹。两种木材早材管孔弦径相差不大,均稍大。苦楝木材早材管孔多数4列,香椿木材早材管孔多数2列。苦楝木材早材至晚材略急变,晚材管孔向生长轮外部逐渐减小;香椿木材早材至晚材急变。苦楝木材晚材管孔弦径大于香椿木材。香椿木材结构较细。苦楝和香椿木材木射线宽度均属于中等,高度均属于极低,径切面花纹较普通。在实际加工利用中,采用弦切板制作家具板面较美观。香椿木材的导管、薄壁组织、射线组织等细胞中均含有大量红色树胶,使木材呈现红褐色;香椿木材刨面光亮,自然色泽好,具有芳香气味,是制作家具的上等材料。作为家具用材,香椿木材在纹理、色泽和气味等方面优于苦楝木材。In order to provide theoretical reference for utilization of Melia azedarach and Toona sinensis woods,taking 10-year-old M.azedarach and 17-year-old T.sinensis woods as objects,optical microscope was used to analyze major anatomical properties.Results showed that M.azedarach wood was ring porous or semi-ring po-rous wood,and T.sinensis wood was ring porous wood.Growth rings were obvious in both woods with inverted"V"or landscape patterns in tangential sections.Tangential diameters of pores in early woods of two woods did not differ significantly,being slightly larger in both early woods.Pores in early wood of T.sinensis wood had two lines,while pores in early wood of M.azedarach wood had four lines.Early wood of M.azedarach wood slightly sharply changed to late wood,pores in late wood decreased towards outside of growth ring,whereas early wood of T.sinensis wood sharply changed to late wood.Tangential diameter of pores in late wood of M.azedarach wood was larger than that of T.sinensis wood.Structure of T.sinensis wood was more exquisite.M.azedarach and T.sinensis woods had medium ray widths,extremely low heights and common radial patterns.In actual pro-cessing and utilization,it was more attractive to use plain-sawed lumbers to make furniture panels.Vessels,pa-renchyma,and ray tissues of T.sinensis wood had lots of red gum,which made T.sinensis wood reddish brown.T.sinensis wood was wonderful material for producing furniture because of its bright planed surface,good natu-ral color,and attractive aroma.As furniture material,texture,color and odor of T.sinensis wood were superior to M.azedarach wood.

关 键 词：解剖性质 木材纹理图案 苦楝木材 香椿木材 

分 类 号：S781[农业科学—木材科学与技术]