中国新生代煤炭资源分布与煤质特征评价  

Distribution of coal resources and coal quality characteristics evaluation in the Cenozoic era of China

作　　者：陈文敏 傅丛 CHEN Wenmin;FU Cong(China Coal Research Institute Corporation Ltd.,Beijing 100013,China;National Energy Technology&Equipment Laboratory of Coal Utilization and Emission Control,Beijing 100013,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Coal Based Carbon Materials,Beijing 100013,China)

机构地区：[1]煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司,北京100013 [2]国家能源煤炭高效利用与节能减排技术装备重点实验室,北京100013 [3]煤基节能环保炭材料北京市重点实验室,北京100013

出　　处：《煤质技术》2023年第6期1-12,共12页Coal Quality Technology

摘　　要：对中国新生代煤炭资源分布与煤质特征进行整体归纳评价,有助于煤炭资源的高效洁净利用。阐述我国新生代煤炭资源在全国各大区的总体分布,重点探讨云南省、辽宁省、吉林省及黑龙江省新生代煤的资源分布,并剖析中国主要新生代煤系的煤质特征及利用途径。研究表明:中国新生代煤的资源分布地区不均,在不同时期的探明地质储量约为280亿t,其中西南区的新生代煤探明地质储量约为163亿t,云南省的新生代煤占比最高,东北区、华东区等其他各大区均有不同程度的分布。在新近纪时期已形成以小龙潭和昭通等为代表的大型褐煤矿区,因埋藏浅且又有巨厚煤层因而多适用于露天开采。而古近纪时期早已形成的抚顺、沈阳、梅河与山东龙口等煤田多产41号长焰煤及生产部分褐煤和少量气煤;新近纪、古近纪煤分别约占全国新生代煤的2/3、1/3。中国新生代煤的主要煤质特点是全水分普遍较高、灰分和硫分变化较大、以陆相沉积的特低硫煤到海陆交互相和浅海相沉积的中高硫与高硫煤均有、发热量(Q_(net,ar))也普遍较低。中国新生代煤系的煤质不稳定性与各地区在不同时期形成煤的地质条件变化有关,古近纪、新近纪煤的煤岩显微组分、腐殖酸产率、透光率(P_(M))和煤灰熔融性软化温度之间均有明显区别,古近纪煤的平均镜质组、煤灰成分中的Al_(2)O_(3)含量均高于新近纪煤,而新近纪煤的灰熔融性软化温度明显低于古近纪煤,表明新近纪煤在气化和燃烧时更易结渣。在研究新生代煤系的煤质变化规律时发现同一煤田的煤层V_(daf)随着埋藏越深则其值越小,即煤化程度越深。陆相沉积的古近纪41号长焰煤属低硫煤,而海陆交互相或浅海相沉积的云南等省新近纪褐煤的硫分普遍较高。我国新生代高硫煤多集中分布于云南省新近纪褐煤中,产煤中的高硫煤占20%以�The comprehensive summary of the distribution and coal quality evaluation of China’s Cenozoic coal resources is helpful for the efficient and clean utilization of coal resources.The overall distribution of China’s Cenozoic coal resources in the Southwest,Northeast,Central South,East China and North China regions were elaborated in this paper.The resource distribution of Cenozoic coal of Yunnan Province and Sichuan Province,and the resource distribution of Cenozoic coal of Liaoning Province,Jilin Province and Heilongjiang Province were focused,the coal quality characteristics and utilization pathways of the main Cenozoic coal measures in China were analyzed too.The research shows that:China’s Cenozoic coal is uneven in different regions,the proven geological reserves of coal in different periods of the Cenozoic era are approximately 28 billion tons,the proven geological reserves of Cenozoic coal in the Southwest region are 16.3 billion tons,the Southwest region accounts for maximum proportion of the proven geological reserves of Cenozoic coal in China,other major regions such as Northeast China and East China have varying degrees of distribution.Large scale lignite mining areas which was buried shallowly and has extremely thick coal seam,represented by Xiaolongtan and Zhaotong,have formed during the Neogene period,they are more suitable for open-pit mining.The coal fields such as Fushun,Shenyang,Meihe,and Longkou in Shandong,which had already been formed in Paleogene period,produce more No.41 long flame coal,as well as some lignite and a small amount of gas coal.Neogene and Paleogene lignite account for approximately 2/3 and 1/3 of China’s Cenozoic coal.The main coal quality characteristics of China’s Paleogene and Neogene coal is generally high total moisture content,significant changes occurred in ash and sulfur content.From terrestrial sedimentary ultra-low sulfur coal of lacustrine facies to middle and high sulfur coal of marine land interaction facies and shallow marine facies,the coal all exists.Th

关 键 词：新生代 煤炭资源 煤质特征 古近纪 新近纪 探明地质储量 长焰煤 褐煤 气煤 

分 类 号：P343.45[天文地球—水文科学] P535[天文地球—地球物理学]