江户时期中国白话小说批评的传入及其影响  

The Spread and Influence of Chinese Vernacular Novel Criticisms in Edo Period——Centered on Commentaries,Prefaces and Postscripts

作　　者：周健强 ZHOU Jian-qiang

机构地区：[1]北京外国语大学中国语言文学学院

出　　处：《河北学刊》2024年第1期123-133,共11页Hebei Academic Journal

基　　金：2022年度国家社会科学基金青年项目“中国古典小说在近代日本的流播与研究(1868—1945)”(22CZW034);2022年度北京外国语大学“双一流”重点课题“人类命运共同体视阈下文艺理论创新与实践研究”(2022SYLZD047)。

摘　　要：江户中期以前,有20多种白话小说评点本传入日本。在白话小说序跋评点的影响下,“小说”的外延逐渐从目录学上的子部一家扩展到“三言二拍”“四大奇书”等白话作品,以及《英草纸》《椿说弓张月》之类的日式读本,很多文人开始思考中日叙事文学的共性特征。白话小说翻刻、翻译本开始出现长篇序跋,小说观念逐渐从征实劝善衍化到崇俗尚奇,小说在书籍目录中的位置,从笼统的“外典”演变为专门的子目。江户前期历史演义的译者大多寂寂无名,而江户后期小说译者往往是一代英杰,借助白话小说的赏鉴、译解,组成紧密的交游圈。他们不大承担劝善惩恶的道德责任,却更看重小说对日常世态人心的描摹,以及文辞叙事中的奇警之趣。More than 20 kinds of vernacular novels with commentaries were transported to Japan before Mid-Edo Period.Under the influence of the prefaces and commentaries of vernacular novels,the extension of“Xiaoshuo”had gradually expanded from a sub-category of Philosophy to vernacular works such as Sanyan Erpai and Four Masterpieces,as well as Japanese novels.Many scholars began to think about the common characteristics of Chinese and Japanese narrative literature.Long prefaces and postscripts began to appear in the reprinted or translated versions of Chinese vernacular novels,and their focus gradually changed from facts and moral enlightenment to popularity and strangeness.The position of the novel in the catalogue of books also evolved from the ambiguous Secular Books to a special sub-category.Most of the translators of the historical romance were unknown in Early Edo Period,while the translators in late Edo Period were famous literati.They formed a close circle of friends with the help of the criticism and translation of vernacular novels.They seldom took the moral responsibility of advising kindness and punishing evil,while paid more attention to the description of the daily life and the interest in rhetoric.

关 键 词：江户时期 白话小说 评点 序跋 

分 类 号：I206[文学—中国文学]