西藏高原生活垃圾气化特性研究  

Characteristics of Municipal Solid Waste Gasification in Tibet Plateau

作　　者：常可可 李健 陈冠益 旦增[2] CHANG Keke;LI Jian;CHEN Guanyi;DAN Zeng(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Shanxi Institute of Science and Technology,Jincheng Shanxi 048000;School of Ecology and Environment,Tibet University,Lhasa Tibet 850000;School of Environmental Science&Engineering,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072)

机构地区：[1]山西科技学院环境科学与工程学院,山西晋城048000 [2]西藏大学生态环境学院,西藏拉萨850000 [3]天津大学环境科学与工程学院,天津300072

出　　处：《环境卫生工程》2023年第6期16-21,27,共7页Environmental Sanitation Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(51878557)。

摘　　要：西藏自治区生活垃圾清运量由2011年的1.73×10^(5)t增至2021年的6.92×10^(5)t,年均增长率达到14.87%。西藏境内冰川众多、湖泊密布,生态环境脆弱敏感,目前以填埋为主的垃圾处理方式对高原土壤和地下水造成一定的污染风险。通过分析西藏高原生活垃圾产生量及其地域分布特点,提出气化是适宜西藏的垃圾处理方式,并对西藏垃圾气化的环境效益进行评估分析。在管式炉中以5 g模拟垃圾为原料进行空气气化实验,结果表明:西藏环境条件下,垃圾的最优气化条件为气化反应时间20~30 min、空气流速300 mL/min、垃圾含水率20%~30%、气化温度800~900℃。此条件下固、液、气三相质量分布分别为8%~11%、24%~28%和60%~65%,气化气产率可达2.15 m^(3)/kg,气体热值约为6.34 MJ/m^(3),气化效率最高达到79.47%。The production of municipal solid waste(MSW)in the Tibet Autonomous Region increased from 1.73×10^(5)t to 6.92×10^(5)t from 2011 to 2021,with an average annual growth rate of 14.87%.With numerous glaciers and lakes in Tibet,the ecological environment is fragile and sensitive.At present,landfilling is the main method for waste disposal,which posed a risk of pollution to soil and groundwater.Based on the analysis of MSW production and regional distribution characteristics on the Tibetan Plateau,gasification was proposed to be a suitable treatment of MSW in Tibet.And the environmental benefits of waste gasification in Tibet were evaluated and analyzed.Air gasification experiment was carried out in a tubular furnace with 5 g model waste as raw material.The results showed that the optimal gasification conditions were reaction time as 20~30 min,air flow rate as 300 mL/min,moisture content of waste as 20%~30%,and vaporization temperature as 800~900℃.Under these conditions,the mass distribution of solid,liquid and gas phases were 8%~11%,24%~28%and 60%~65%,respectively.The syngas yield could reach to 2.15 m^(3)/kg,and the gas calorific value was 6.34 MJ/m^(3).The highest gasification efficiency could reach to 79.47%.

关 键 词：西藏高原 生活垃圾 气化 

分 类 号：X799.3[环境科学与工程—环境工程]