云南昆明烟草主产区根结线虫种类及分布研究  

Study on Species and Distribution of Root Knot Nematodes in Main Tobacco Producing Areas of Kunming

作　　者：徐兴阳[1] 彭昌田 顾进坤 李凤丽[3] 李浩昊 李顺 胡先奇[4] XU Xingyang;PENG Changtian;GU Jinkun;LI Fengli;LI Haohao;LI Shun;HU Xianqi(Yunnan Tobacco Company Kunming Branch,Kunming,Yunnan,China 650051;Honghe Jiayu Agricultural Technology Co.,Ltd,Honghe,Yunnan,China 654300;Yunnan Provincial Tobacco Company Wenshan Branch,Wenshan,Yunnan,China 663000;School of Plant Protection,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming,Yunnan,China 650201)

机构地区：[1]云南省烟草公司昆明市公司,云南昆明650051 [2]红河佳裕农业科技有限公司,云南红河654300 [3]云南省烟草公司文山州公司,云南文山663000 [4]云南农业大学植物保护学院,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《昆明学院学报》2023年第6期1-9,共9页Journal of Kunming University

基　　金：中国烟草总公司云南省公司重点科技项目(2020530000241020);云南省烟草公司昆明市公司一般科技项目(KMYC202302).

摘　　要：近年来,昆明市烟草种植区的烟草根结线虫病为害逐年加重,严重损害了烟草的产量和质量,对烟草产业发展带来较大的影响.为确定昆明市所辖,安宁市、石林县、富民县、晋宁区、禄劝县、嵩明县、寻甸县、宜良县烟草根结线虫病病原种类,分析掌握根结线虫种类分布及优势种,以期为防治提供理论依据,从该8县(市、区)采集烟草根结线虫病害标本,运用形态学和分子生物学鉴定方法,鉴定根结线虫种类.形态学鉴定指标主要包括:雌成虫会阴花纹形态、2龄幼虫及雌成虫形态测量.分子生物学鉴定主要通过SCAR-PCR检测技术完成.结果表明:采集自8县(市、区)的烟草根结线虫病害标本109份中,经鉴定应有不少于4种根结线虫,且存在混合发生(复合侵染),其分别是南方根结线虫(Meloidogyne incognita)、花生根结线虫(Meloidogyne arenaria)、爪哇根结线虫(Meloidogyne javanica)和未知种(Meloidogyne sp.).其中分离鉴定到南方根结线虫的标本97份,占比89.0%;花生根结线虫45份,占比41.3%;爪哇根结线虫58份,占比53.2%;未知种14份,占比12.8%.复合侵染组合为:南方根结线虫与花生根结线虫,南方根结线虫与爪哇根结线虫,花生根结线虫与爪哇根结线虫,南方根结线虫、花生根结线虫与爪哇根结线虫,存在上述复合侵染组合的标本数分别占标本总数的12.8%,49.5%,17.4%和11.9%.南方根结线虫为优势种,其次是爪哇根结线虫和花生根结线虫.此外,还明确了上述根结线虫在8县(市、区)的具体分布.In recent years,the harm of tobacco root knot nematode disease has increased year by year in Kunming tobacco planting area,which has seriously damaged the yield and quality of tobacco and had a great impact on the development of tobacco industry.To determine the pathogen species of tobacco root knot nematode in Anning City,Shilin County,Fuming County,Jinning County,Luquan County,Songming County,Xundian County and Yiliang County,and in order to analyze and master the species distribution and dominant species of root knot nematode,to provide theoretical basis for control,tobacco root knot nematode disease samples were collected from 8 cities(counties),and the species of root knot nematode were identified by mains of morphological and molecular biological methods.Morphological indicators mainly include the perineal pattern morphology of female and the morphological measurement data of the second-stage juveniles and female.Molecular biological identification is mainly completed by SCAR-PCR detection technology.The results are as follows:among 109 samples of tobacco root knot nematode disease collected from 8 cities(counties),it is identified that there should be no less than 4 species of root knot nematodes,and with mixed occurrence(complex infection),namely Meloidogyne incognita,M.arenaria,M.javanica and unknown species(Meloidogyne sp.).Among them,M.incognita were isolated and identified from 97 specimens accounting for 89.0%,M.arenaria 45 specimens 41.3%,M.javanica 58 samples 53.2%and 14 unknown species 21 accounting for 12.8%respectively.The compound infection combinations were:M.incognita and M.arenaria,M.incognita and M.javanica,M.arenaria and M.javanica,M.incognita and M.arenaria and M.javanica,accounting for 12.8%,49.5%,17.4%and 11.9%respectively.M.incognita is the dominant species,followed by M.javanica.To sum up,the specific distribution in 8 cities and counties is clarified.

关 键 词：烟草 根结线虫 形态鉴定 分子生物技术鉴定 

分 类 号：S435.72[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]