基于形态学开运算的浸矿体系孔隙结构及其演化特征  

Pore structure and its evolution characterization in leaching systems via morphological open operation

作　　者：王雷鸣[1,2] 李辉 尹升华 潘晨阳[2] 廖文胜 WANG Leiming;LI Hui;YIN Shenghua;PAN Chenyang;LIAO Wensheng(Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;School of Civil and Resources Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;Beijing Research Institute of Chemical Engineering and Metallurgy,Beijing 101149,China)

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学金属矿山高效开采与安全教育部重点实验室,北京100083 [2]北京科技大学土木与资源工程学院,北京100083 [3]核工业北京化工冶金研究院,北京101149

出　　处：《工程科学学报》2024年第2期199-208,共10页Chinese Journal of Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52374112,52204124,52034001);北京市自然科学基金面上资助项目(2232080);国家博士后创新人才支持计划资助项目(BX20220036);中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2022M710356);金属矿山安全与健康国家重点实验室开放基金资助项目(2021-JSKSSYS-01);煤炭资源与安全开采国家重点实验室开放基金资助项目(SKLCRSM22KF006);绿色化工过程教育部重点实验室开放基金资助项目(GCP202108);中央基本科研业务费资助项目(FRF-IDRY-21-010,QNXM20220001)。

摘　　要：立足堆浸体系的偏析分层复杂结构,结合X-ray CT无损探测、形态学开运算处理、MATLAB和OsiriX可视化软件等手段,引入颗粒间孔隙的当量孔隙尺寸、面积、数量等关键表征参量,如从二维量化和三维可视化层面揭示浸矿体系中颗粒间孔隙结构特征及其演化规律.研究发现,细颗粒夹层呈“包裹体”状且均位于粗矿石颗粒的内部,分析认为其是造成堆浸体系颗粒偏析和分层的重要致因;浸矿作用下微细颗粒迁移导致矿堆内部发生沉积压实作用,由197 mm降至180 mm以下;浸矿21 d后,矿堆上部孔隙呈增大趋势,下部孔隙率呈减小趋势,此外,纵向当量孔隙的直径由2.81 mm减小至2.18 mm,其变化趋势和程度要显著大于横向颗粒间孔隙的当量直径;对比浸矿0 d和21 d的柱浸体系三维颗粒间孔隙结构,证实了细颗粒夹层所处区域的粘结聚集以及细颗粒夹层周边区域形成溶液绕流、溶液优势流动路径.Heap leaching has been widely used in mining low-grade sulfide copper minerals because of its outstanding advantages of low cost,fast infrastructure,and effective recovery.However,the segregation and stratification of crushed ore feeds during the dumping and stacking process of heap leaching are significant and prone to occur,leading to preferential flow paths and low heap leaching efficiency.Based on the complex segregation and layered structure of the heap leaching system,combined with X-ray CT nondestructive detection,morphological open operation processing,MATLAB and OsiriX visualization software,and other means,the key characterization parameters,such as the equivalent pore size,area,and number of pores between particles,are introduced.This study explores the intergranular pore structure characteristics and evolution regulation of the leaching system from the perspective of two-dimensional quantification and three-dimensional visualization.This study found that the fine interlayers are in the shape of“inclusions”and are inside the coarse ore particles.The analysis demonstrates that it is an important cause of particle segregation and stratification in the heap leaching system.The migration of fine particles under the action of ore leaching leads to sedimentary compaction,which decreased from 197 mm to below 180 mm.After 21 days of ore leaching,the pores in the upper and lower parts of the ore heap showed increasing and decreasing trends,respectively.In addition,the diameter of the longitudinal equivalent pores decreased from 2.81 to2.18 mm;the change trend and extent were considerably greater than the equivalent diameter of the transverse intergranular pores.When comparing the three-dimensional intergranular pore structures of the column leaching system for 0 and 21 days of ore leaching,it is evident that the fine particle interlayer is located in the bonding and aggregation region.The peripheral area of the fine particle interlayer also forms the circumvention and dominant flow path of the solution.This

关 键 词：金属矿 堆浸技术 颗粒偏析 颗粒间孔隙 三维可视化 

分 类 号：TG862[金属学及工艺—公差测量技术]