金盏菊-小白菜间作对小白菜生长和镉吸收的影响  

Effects of Calendula-pakchoi Intercropping on the Growth and Cadmium Uptake of Pakchoi

作　　者：苏本营[1,2] 周美华 香宝[1] 王洪良[1] 王玥 陈建龙[1] SU Benying;ZHOU Meihua;XIANG Bao;WANG Hongliang;WANG Yue;CHEN Jianlong(Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012;Science and Technology Development Service Center of Mentougou District,Beijing 102300)

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012 [2]北京市门头沟区科技开发服务中心,北京102300

出　　处：《北方园艺》2023年第24期9-16,共8页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大资助项目(18ZDA048);国家环境保护化学品生态效应与风险评估重点实验室开放基金资助项目(2022KFYB07)。

摘　　要：以金盏菊和小白菜为试材,利用盆栽控制试验,研究了花卉和蔬菜间作对蔬菜生长和重金属积累的影响,以期为中轻度重金属污染耕地安全利用提供参考依据。结果表明:与单作相比,间作和镉处理对金盏菊和小白菜的形态、光合生理和根际土壤理化性质均无显著影响,但间作能够显著降低小白菜对镉吸收与富集,增加金盏菊对镉的富集能力。与单作相比,间作条件下金盏菊地上部镉的富集量提高了67.3%,而小白菜地上部镉的富集量却下降了33.3%;间作条件下,根际土壤镉含量金盏菊表现为间作高于单作,小白菜表现为间作低于单作,且差异显著;间作条件下金盏菊对镉的吸收能力高于小白菜,这可能是间作改变作物镉吸收和分配的主要原因。综上,金盏菊和小白菜间作能够有效降低小白菜对镉的吸收和富集,通过蔬菜和花卉间作可降低中轻度镉污染耕地安全利用过程中的环境风险。A pot experiment was carried out wusing calendula and pakchoi 8 experimental materials to.sludy the ffeets of flower vgetable iteterpping on vegetable growth and heavy metal aceumulation,in order to provide reference for the safe utilization of medium to light heavy metal polluted farmland.The results showed that compared with monoculture.neither intercropping nor cadmium treatment had sinifieant efeets on the morphology,potosynthetie physiology and physicochemical property of rhixosphere soil of both pakchoi and calendula in intercropping system.However,the cadmium uptake and enrichment of pakchoi decreased significantly in the intercropping system.while that of ealendula.increased significantly.Compared with monoeulture.cadmium enrichment in shoot of calendula increased by 67.3%,while that of palkchoi decreased by 33.3%in intercropping system.Under the condition of intercropping,the cadmium content in rhizosphere soil of calendula was higher than that of monoculture,conversely,that in rhizosphere soil of pakchoi was lower,and the difference reached significant level.The ability of calendula to absorb for cadmium was higher than that of pakchoi,which might be the main reason for the change of cadmium uptake and distribution in the intercropping system.In summary,cadmium uptake and accumulation of pakchoi could be significantly lowered in the calendula and pakchoi intercropping system,so that the environmental risks could be reduced in the safe utilization of moderate cadmium polluted cultivated land through vegetable and flower intercropping.

关 键 词：金盏菊 小白菜 间作 镉污染土壤 安全利用 

分 类 号：S634.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]