川西北高原饲用燕麦产量和生殖性状相关性分析及综合评价  

Correlation Analysis and Comprehensive Evaluation of Production and Reproductive of Forage Oats in Northwest Sichuan Plateau

作　　者：袁艺 陈冬明[1,2] 刘伟 呼延美静[1] 吕奥 王德贵 YUAN Yi;CHEN Dongming;LIU Wei;HUYAN Meijing;LYU Ao;WANG Degui(College of Grassland Science and Technology,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China;Grassland Technology Research and Extension Center,Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture,Kangding 626000,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学草业科技学院,成都611130 [2]甘孜藏族自治州草业技术研究推广中心,四川康定626000

出　　处：《四川农业大学学报》2023年第6期1116-1123,共8页Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University

基　　金：四川饲草创新团队建设项目资助(sccxtd-2020-16)。

摘　　要：【目的】为筛选出适宜在川西北高原推广种植的饲用燕麦品种。【方法】通过田间随机区组试验,对17个饲用燕麦品种的生产和生殖相关性状进行测定,利用主成分分析法进行综合评价。【结果】17个燕麦品种中锋利的鲜草产量最高(51.42 t/hm^(2)),甜燕1号干草产量最大(16.28 t/hm^(2));相关性分析表明,鲜草产量与干草产量、倒伏率、穗长、株高、小穗数、旗叶长、旗叶宽、第三茎节粗呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。主成分分析将17个性状分为5个主成分,依次为小穗数、茎长、株高、叶茎比和分蘖数,累积贡献率达到86.35%。依据K-means聚类分析,将17个品种分为4个类群,第Ⅰ类群,株高最高、茎节数最多;第Ⅱ类群,鲜草产量最高、茎节最粗、旗叶长宽最大;第Ⅲ类群产量最少、旗叶面积最小、小穗数最少;第Ⅳ类群植株矮小,茎节数较少、鲜草产量偏低。【结论】依据5个主成分得分进行综合评价表明,悍马、甜燕2号、麦迪逊3个品种在川西北高原的产量、生殖相关性能优良,具有高产优质饲用燕麦的潜力,适宜在当地种植。【Objective】The study aimed to screen the forage oat varieties suitable for spreading and planting in northwest Sichuan plateau【Method】The production and reproductive related traits of 17 forage oat varieties were measured by adopting random field trial,and the principal component analysis method was also used for comprehensive evaluation.【Result】Among the 17 oat varieties,Sharp had the highest yield of fresh grass(51.42 t/hm^(2)),and Tianyan No.1 had the highest yield of hay(16.28 t/hm^(2)).Correlation analysis showed that the yield of fresh grass was significantly and positively correlated with hay yield,lodging rate,panicle length,plant height,spikelet number,flag leaf length,flag leaf width and third stem node diam2eter(P<0.05).Principal component analysis divided 17 traits into 5 principal components,which were spikelet number,stem length,plant height,leaf to stem ratio and tillering number,and the cumulative contribution rate was reached at 86.35%.According to K-means clustering analysis,17 varieties were divided into 4 groups.Group I had the highest plant height and the highest number of stem nodes.In groupⅡ,the yield of fresh grass was the highest,the stem node was the widest and the flag leaf was the longest.GroupⅢhad the least yield,smallest flag leaf area and lowest spikelet number.The plants of groupⅣwere short,the number of stems and nodes was less,and the yield of fresh grass was lower.【Conclusion】According to the five principal component scores,the comprehensive evaluation showed that Hummer,Tianyan No.2 and Madison had good yield and reproductive related performance in the northwest Sichuan Plateau,and had the potential of high-yield and high-quality forage oats,which could be popularized in the local area.

关 键 词：燕麦 川西北高原 农艺性状 生产性能 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S544.9[农业科学—作物学]