秋播和磷酸二铵施量对紫花苜蓿越冬及生产性能的影响  

Effects of Autumn Sowing and Diammonium Hydrogen Phosphate Application on Overwintering and Production Performance of Alfalfa

作　　者：王旗旗 解继红[1] 孙震 王运涛 刘亚玲 于林清[6] 苑峰 李杰 蔡婷 赵晶晶 WANG Qiqi;XIE Jihong;SUN Zhen;WANG Yuntao;LIU Yaling;YU Linqing;YUAN Feng;LI Jie;CAI Ting;ZHAO Jingjing(Institute of Grassland Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hohhot 010010,China;College of Grassland,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao 266109,China;College of Tourism and Environment,Zhangjiakou University,Zhangjiakou 075000,China;Inner Mongolia Pratacultural Technology Innovation Center(IMPTIC),Hohhot 010030,China;National Center of Pratacultural Technology Innovation(under Preparation),Hohhot 010030,China;School of Life Science,Inner Mongolia University,Hohhot 010010,China;Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Technology ExtensionCenter of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,Hohhot 010010,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院草原研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特010010 [2]青岛农业大学草业学院,山东青岛266109 [3]张家口学院旅游与环境学院,河北张家口075000 [4]内蒙古草业技术创新中心有限公司,内蒙古呼和浩特010030 [5]国家草业技术创新中心(筹),内蒙古呼和浩特010030 [6]内蒙古大学生命科学学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010071 [7]内蒙古自治区农牧业技术推广中心,内蒙古呼和浩特010010

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2023年第12期51-60,共10页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：呼和浩特市科技计划项目重大科技专项(2021-重-社-2);内蒙古科技计划(2020GG0176);国家草业技术创新中心(筹)重大创新平台建设专项(CCPTZX2023B04-1-2);内蒙古科技成果转化专项(2019CG041);科技创新2030—重大项目(2022ZD0401202,2022ZD040110302)。

摘　　要：为建立内蒙古自治区呼和浩特地区紫花苜蓿秋播播期和磷酸二铵((NH4)2HPO4)施量最佳配套栽培体系,以中草3号紫花苜蓿为研究材料,分析在7月31日、8月8日、8月16日、8月24日、9月1日五个播种日期以及0、40、70、100、130 kg/hm^(2)五个磷酸二铵施量下紫花苜蓿的越冬率、产量及其构成因素的变化,探讨秋播播期和磷酸二铵施量对紫花苜蓿越冬和生产性能的影响。结果表明:在适当推迟秋播播期的情况下,施加一定量的磷酸二铵肥料可以提高紫花苜蓿的越冬率、株丛密度、株高、分枝数、单枝重,从而提高苜蓿草产量。在呼和浩特地区,紫花苜蓿最迟的秋播时期应为8月16日,同时应配施100 kg/hm^(2)的磷酸二铵。In order to establish the optimal cultivation system for autumn sowing and diammonium hydrogen phosphate(DAP)application of alfalfa in Hohhot,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,Zhongcao 3 alfalfa was used as the research material.The changes of overwintering rate,yield and its component factors of alfalfa were analyzed under three sowing dates of July 31(T1),August 8(T2),August 16(T3),August 24(T4),September 1(T5)and five DAP application level of 0(CK),40 kg/hm^(2)(P1),70 kg/hm^(2)(P2),100 kg/hm^(2)(P3)and 130 kg/hm^(2)(P4),and the effects of autumn sowing date and DAP application on overwintering and production performance of alfalfa were explored.The results showed that when the autumn sowing date was properly delayed,a certain amount of DAP application could improve overwintering rate,plant cluster density,plant height,branch number,and single branch weight of alfalfa,so as to improve grass yield.In Hohhot,the latest autumn sowing date of alfalfa should be August 16th,and 100 kg/hm^(2)of DAP should be applied at the same time.

关 键 词：紫花苜蓿 秋播 磷酸二铵 越冬率 产量 

分 类 号：S543.1[农业科学—作物学]