广东省2022年职业病危害因素定期检测情况  

Analysis of the regular monitoring of occupational hazards in Guangdong Province in 2022

作　　者：谢佐菲 林佐侃[1] 何嘉恒[1] 袁静 胡嘉雯 蒙瑞波[1] 戎伟丰[1] 吴邦华[1] 吴川[1] XIE Zuofei;LIN Zuokan;HE Jiaheng;YUAN Jing;HU Jiawen;MENG Ruibo;RONG Weifeng;WU Banghua;WU Chuan(Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510300,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]广东省职业病防治院,广东广州510300 [2]广州医科大学公共卫生学院,广东广州511436

出　　处：《中国职业医学》2023年第4期466-471,共6页China Occupational Medicine

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金(2020A1515010893)。

摘　　要：目的分析广东省2022年度开展职业病危害因素定期检测的用人单位总体检测情况。方法对各职业卫生技术服务机构通过广东省职业卫生质量控制平台报送的2022年完成职业病危害因素检测用人单位的职业病危害因素定期检测报告进行分析和质量抽查。结果2022年全省开展职业病危害因素定期检测用人单位有40129家,定期检测开展率为5.9%;涉及劳动者485万余人,其中接触职业病危害因素总人数199万余人,接害率为41.1%;化学物质、粉尘、噪声接害率分别为18.2%、11.9%和23.5%。用人单位化学物质、粉尘、噪声超标率分别为2.7%、3.3%和42.7%,且超标率均随企业规模由微型、小型、中型到大型企业呈增高趋势(29.1%vs 46.7%vs 61.3%vs 65.4%,P值均<0.05)。用人单位超标率最高的前3位重点行业依次为金属家具制造业、木制家具制造业和其他金属制日用品制造业。矽尘、苯等97种化学有害因素的岗位浓度超标,但绝大多数化学有害因素岗位超标率均低于1.0%。噪声的超标率达45.4%,矽尘的超标率为17.3%。结论广东省用人单位职业病危害因素定期检测开展率较低;超标的职业病危害因素主要是噪声,应重点关注用人单位的噪声防护。Objective To analyze the overall situation of regular monitoring of occupational hazards in enterprises in Guangdong Province in 2022.Methods Analysis and quality sampling from enterprises were conducted on the occupational hazard regular monitoring reports submitted by various occupational health institutions through the Guangdong Province Occupational Health Quality Control Platform for the year 2022.Results In 2022,a total of 40129 enterprises in Guangdong Province conducted regular monitoring of occupational hazards,accounting for 5.9%.More than 4.85 million workers were enrolled,of which more than 1.99 million workers were exposed to occupational hazards,with an incidence of 41.1%.The incidence of exposure to chemicals,dust,and noise were 18.2%,11.9%,and 23.5%,respectively.The incidence of exceeding national standard for chemical substances,dust and noise in enterprises were 2.7%,3.3%,and 42.7%,respectively.The incidence of exceeding national standard for all occupational hazards increased with the scale of enterprises from micro,small,medium to large enterprises(29.1%vs 46.7%vs 61.3%vs 65.4%,all P<0.05).The top three key industries,with more enterprises exceeding national standard,were metal furniture manufacturing,wooden furniture manufacturing,and other metal daily necessities manufacturing.The concentration of 97 chemical hazardous agents such as silica dust and benzene in work site exceeded the national standard,but less than 1.0%chemical hazardous agents exceeded national standard in most of the chemical-exposed work site.The incidence of noise exceeding national standard was 45.4%,while the incidence of silica dust exceeding national standard was 17.3%.Conclusion The percentage of regular monitoring of occupational hazards in enterprises in Guangdong Province is relatively low.The main occupational hazard that exceeds the national standard was noise,indicating the need for special attention on noise protection in workplace.

关 键 词：职业病危害因素 定期检测 工作场所 化学物质 粉尘 噪声 职业卫生 调查 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]