广东省2011—2020年新发职业性尘肺病流行病学特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of newly diagnosed occupational pneumoconiosis in Guangdong Province from 2011 to 2020

作　　者：刘明[1] 温贤忠[1] 王姝 周珊宇[1] 李旭东[1] 夏丽华[1] 胡世杰[1] LIU Ming;WEN Xianzhong;WANG Su;ZHOU Shanyu;LI Xudong;XIA Lihua;HU Shijie(Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment,Guangdong Research Center of Occupational Hygiene,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510300,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省职业病防治院,广东省职业健康工程技术研究中心,广东广州510300

出　　处：《中国职业医学》2023年第4期472-475,共4页China Occupational Medicine

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金(2021A1515010081,2021A1515012205);广东省职业健康工程技术研究中心(D:2019A069)。

摘　　要：目的分析广东省2011—2020年新发职业性尘肺病(以下简称“尘肺病”)的流行病学特征。方法通过“中国疾病预防控制信息系统”子系统“健康危害因素监测信息系统”收集广东省2011—2020年确诊的新发尘肺病病例资料,对其分布特征进行回顾性分析。结果2011—2020年广东省累计报告新发尘肺病2731例,尘肺病壹期、贰期、叁期病例分别占61.6%、23.8%和14.6%;病种构成除滑石尘肺病外,其余12种尘肺病均有报告;病例数居前3位的病种依次为矽肺、其他尘肺和电焊工尘肺,分别占58.8%、22.0%和11.0%;男性占97.5%、女性占2.5%;发病年龄中位数为47岁;粉尘接触工龄中位数为9.8年,19.4%的病例粉尘接触工龄不足5.0年;80.7%的病例分布在珠江三角洲地区。新发病例所在企业行业分布以制造业为主(占69.4%),34.8%病例所在的企业经济类型为私营有限责任公司;企业规模以中、小型企业多见,分别占35.7%和34.3%。结论广东省尘肺病以矽肺、其他尘肺和电焊工尘肺为主;制造业集中的珠江三角洲地区的中小私营企业是尘肺病防治的重点。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of newly diagnosed occupational pneumoconiosis(hereinafter referred to as"pneumoconiosis")in Guangdong Province from 2011 to 2020.Methods Clinical data of newly diagnosed pneumoconiosis in Guangdong Province from 2011 to 2020 was collected from the“Health Hazards Monitoring Information System”under“China Disease Prevention and Control Information System”.The distribution of the cases was analyzed retrospectively.Results A total of 2731 cases of newly diagnosed pneumoconiosis were reported from 2011 to 2020 in Guangdong Province,with cases at stagesⅠ,Ⅱ,andⅢaccounting for 61.6%,23.8%,and 14.6%,respectively.Except for talc pneumoconiosis,12 other types of pneumoconiosis were reported.The top three incidence of diseases were silicosis,other pneumoconiosis,and welder′s pneumoconiosis,accounting for 58.8%,22.0%and 11.0%,respectively.Males accounted for 97.5%,and females 2.5%.The median age of onset was 47 years old.The median dust exposure duration was 9.8 years,with 19.4%of cases having a dust exposure duration less than 5.0 years.And 80.7%of the cases were distributed in the Pearl River Delta region.The industries with the new cases were mainly the manufacturing(accounting for 69.4%),and 34.8%of cases were found in private limited liability companies.Cases in medium-and small-sized enterprises accounted for 35.7%and 34.3%respectively.Conclusion Silicosis,other pneumoconiosis,and welder′s pneumoconiosis are predominant in Guangdong Province.The prevention and control of pneumoconiosis should focus on small-and medium-sized private enterprises in the concentrated manufacturing industry in the Pearl River Delta region.

关 键 词：尘肺病 矽肺 电焊工尘肺 流行病学特征 企业 行业 

分 类 号：R135.2[医药卫生—劳动卫生]