广藿香基因组SSR分子标记开发与种质遗传多样性分析  

Development of SSR Molecular Markers and Analysis of Germplasm Genetic Diversity of Pogostemon cablin

作　　者：张丹华 龚丽珍 庄洁旋 邹璇 王小兵 詹若挺[1,2,3] 陈立凯 ZHANG Danhua;CONG Lizhen;ZHUANG Jiexuan;ZOU Xuan;WANG Xiaobing;ZHAN Ruoting;CHEN Likai(School of Chinese Materia Medica,Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine,Guangzhou,510006;Key Laboratory of Chinese Medical Resources from Lingnan,Ministry of Education,Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine,Guangzhou,510006;Guangdong Yintian Agricultural Technology Co.Ltd.,Yunfu,527300)

机构地区：[1]广州中医药大学中药学院,广州510006 [2]广州中医药大学岭南中药资源教育部重点实验室,广州510006 [3]广东银田农业科技有限公司,云浮527300

出　　处：《基因组学与应用生物学》2023年第11期1159-1171,共13页Genomics and Applied Biology

基　　金：广东省重点领域研发计划(2020B020221001);广东省自然科学基金(2019A1515011542、 2023A1515030194);广东省现代南药产业技术体系创新团队项目(2023KJ148);云浮市2023年中医药(南药)产业创新团队项目(202301)共同资助。

摘　　要：本研究基于广藿香(Pogostemon cablin)全基因组信息,开发广藿香SSR分子标记,筛选和验证开发的SSR分子标记的有效性和多态性,并以此开发一种能够简单快速并有效鉴定广藿香样品的SSR分子标记,分析广藿香资源的遗传多样性,构建广藿香DNA分子身份证,更加深入全面地研究广藿香资源多样性和开发广藿香种质鉴别技术。实验通过筛选多态性引物,得到20对SSR引物。对各位点进行遗传多样性统计分析,发现20对引物平均表现出中度的多态性,表明这些位点可用于广藿香种质的遗传多样性分析。对60份广藿香样本进行遗传分析,可将其划分为8个群体,香农信息指数(Ⅰ)和等位基因数(Na)数据分析表明,群体中等位基因分布不均匀,平均等位基因(Na)高于有效等位基因(Ne),其中获得最多等位基因的群体是pop7,群体遗传多样性最高的是pop7,群体遗传多样性最低的是pop5,数据显示各群体之间的遗传多样性水平存在差异,群体内的基因型分布不平衡,各群体中存在杂合子剩余。整个群体的平均自交系数(Fis)为-0.759,自交率低,杂合度高。广藿香群体间有很大的遗传分化,平均基因流(Nm)为0.242,说明广藿香群体间基因流动性很小,群体间可能发生遗传分化的程度较小。由分子方差分析(AMOVA)结果可知,广藿香的个体内遗传变异高达63.03%,群体间的遗传变异为36.97%。本研究发现广藿香主要群体间遗传分化大,广藿香的遗传多样性水平低,大部分种质基因交流程度低,需要进一步开展种质创新和多样性品种培育。Based on the whole genome information of Pogostemon cablin,this study developed SSR molecular markers of P.cablin,screened and verified the effectiveness and polymorphism of the developed SSR molecular markers,so as to develop a simple,rapid and effective SSR molecular marker for the identification of P.cablin samples,analyze the genetic diversity of P.cablin resources,and construct the DNA molecular identity of P.cablin,to study the resource diversity and germplasm identification of P.cablin more thor-oughly and comprehensively.By screening polymorphic primers,20 pairs of SSR primers were obtained,and the genetic diversity of each site was statistically analyzed.It was found that 20 pairs of primers showed moderate polymorphism on average,indicating that these loci could be used for genetic diversity analysis of P.cablin germplasm.The genetic analysis of 60 samples of P.cablin showed that the 60 samples could be divided into 8 populations.The data analysis of Shannon's information index(I)and number of alleles(Na)showed that the distribution of medium genes in the population was uneven,the average allele(Na)was higher than the effective allele(Ne),and the population with the most alleles was pop7.pop7 had the highest population genetic diversity,while pop5 had the lowest population genetic diversity.The data showed that there were differences in the level of genetic diversity among different populations,unbalanced distribution of genotypes within the population,and heterozygote surplus in each population.The average inbred coefficient(Fis)of the whole population was-0.759.The self-crossing rate was low and the heterozygosity was high.There was great genetic differentiation among the populations of P.cablin,and the average gene flow(Nm)was 0.242,indicating that the gene fluidity between the populations was small,and the degree of genetic differentiation between the populations was small.The results of molecular variance analysis(AMOVA)showed that the genetic variation of P.cablin was as high as 63.03%within indiv

关 键 词：广藿香 SSR分子标记 遗传多样性 群体遗传结构 

分 类 号：S567.239[农业科学—中草药栽培]