分子设计育种在棉花中的应用进展与展望  

Application and prospect of molecular design breeding in cotton

作　　者：赵俊杰 任中英 章志强 张飞[1] 刘艳改[1] 贺昆仑 郭金峰 周晓箭[1] 张文生[1] 王海娟 李威[1,4] 杨代刚[1,4] Zhao Junjie;Ren Zhongying;Zhang Zhiqiang;Zhang Fei;Liu Yangai;He Kunlun;Guo Jinfeng;Zhou Xiaojian;Zhang Wensheng;Wang Haijuan;Li Wei;Yang Daigang(Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Engineering Research Center of Cotton Biology Breeding and Industrial Technology,Anyang,Henan 455000,China;Huamian Agricultural Science and Technology Company Limited in Kuitun,Kuitun,Xinjiang 833200,China;Agricultural Research Institute of the Seventh Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,Kuitun,Xinjiang 833200,China;School of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院棉花研究所/棉花生物育种及产业技术国家工程研究中心,河南安阳455000 [2]奎屯华棉农业科技有限公司,新疆奎屯833200 [3]新疆生产建设兵团第七师农业科学研究所,新疆奎屯833200 [4]郑州大学农学院,郑州450001

出　　处：《棉花学报》2023年第5期412-428,共17页Cotton Science

基　　金：新疆生产建设兵团第七师胡杨河市财政科技计划项目(2022C10,2023C14);棉花生物育种与综合利用全国重点实验室开放课题(CB2023A04)。

摘　　要：棉花是我国重要的经济作物和纺织原料,在国民经济发展中具有不可替代的地位。新中国成立以来,棉花常规育种取得了一系列重大成就。随着测序技术、多组学研究以及基因编辑技术的发展,精准、高效的分子设计育种已成为棉花育种的发展方向。文章综述了棉花生产的发展现状,回顾了育种发展历程以及棉花分子设计育种在基因组学研究、纤维发育、抗病和重要性状分子模块挖掘方面取得的进展,并展望了未来分子设计育种的发展方向和路径。Cotton is an important cash crop and main raw materials for textile industry,which plays a critical role in economic development of China.Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China,traditional breeding technology has made a great contribution to improve cotton production.With the advancement of sequencing technology,multi-omics research,and gene editing techniques,precise and efficient molecular design breeding has become an inevitable direction for cotton breeding.This review summarizes the present status of cotton production,the history of breeding development,and the achievements of molecular design breeding in genomic research,fiber development,disease resistance and mining of the molecular module of important traits,and proposes directions and path for the future cotton breeding.

关 键 词：棉花 育种技术 分子设计育种 基因组学 分子模块 抗病性 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]