施氮量对机插优质杂交晚稻盛泰优626产量和米质的影响  

Effects of Nitrogen Rate on Yield and Grain Quality of Machine-transplanted High-quality Late Hybrid Rice Shengtaiyou 626

作　　者：陈鸽 李中希 刘奇颀 陈慕文 郑焕 任大焱 李宇翔 傅岳峰 CHEN Ge;LI Zhongxi;LIU Qiqi;CHEN Muwen;ZHENG Huan;REN Dayan;LI Yuxiang;FU Yuefeng(Yueyang Agricultural Research Institute,Yueyang,Hunan 414000,China)

机构地区：[1]岳阳市农业科学研究院,湖南岳阳414000

出　　处：《杂交水稻》2023年第5期115-120,共6页Hybrid Rice

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系专项(CARS-01-87)。

摘　　要：为探明洞庭湖区杂交晚稻组合盛泰优626的最佳氮肥施用量,在机插条件下设5个施氮水平(0、135、180、225、270kg/hm^(2)),研究不同氮肥施用量对其产量和稻米品质的影响。结果表明,适当增施氮肥可提高水稻产量,且以N180处理最高。随着施氮量的增加,盛泰优626的糙米率、精米率和整精米率先增加后降低,垩白粒率和垩白度增加,胶稠度先增加后降低,直链淀粉含量减少,蛋白质含量增加。N180处理的峰值黏度、热浆黏度、崩解值、最终黏度和糊化温度最高,消减值最低。适当增施氮肥可改善其加工品质、蒸煮品质和营养品质以及RVA谱特性。在本试验条件下,当施氮量为180kg/hm^(2)时,机插优质晚稻盛泰优626可实现高产优质。Five nitrogen application levels(0,135,180,225,270 kg/hm^(2))were set under mechanical transplanting conditions to determine the optimal nitrogen application amount of late hybrid rice combination Shengtaiyou 626 in Dongting Lake area,and the effects of different nitrogen rates on yield and grain quality were studied.The results showed that the yield could be increased by appropriate nitrogen application,and the highest was found in N180 treatment.With the increase of nitrogen rate,the percentage of brown rice,milled rice and head rice of Shengtaiyou 626 increased first and then decreased,the chalky grain percentage and chalkiness increased,the gel consistency increased first and then decreased,the amylose content decreased and the protein content increased.The peak viscosity,hot paste viscosity,breakdown viscosity,final viscosity and pasting temperature of N180 treatment were the highest,while the setback viscosity was the lowest.The processing quality,cooking quality,nutritional quality and RVA profile characteristics could be improved by proper application of nitrogen fertilizer.Under the experimental conditions,high yield and high quality of late hybrid rice Shengtaiyou 626 could be achieved when the nitrogen rate is 180 kg/hm^(2).

关 键 词：杂交水稻 机插 盛泰优626 氮肥施用量 产量 稻米品质 

分 类 号：S511.04[农业科学—作物学] S318