不同类型氮素营养效率稻种资源苗期主要特征性状分析  

Analysis of Main Characteristic Traits of Rice Germplasm Resources with Different Types of Nitrogen Nutrition Efficiency at Seedling Stage

作　　者：向彦 施翔[2] 方绮 江欣盈 陈涵 程建峰[2] XIANG Yan;SHI Xiang;FANG Qi;JIANG Xinying;CHEN Han;CHENG Jianfeng(Pingxiang Agricultural Science Research Center,Pingxiang,Jiangxi 337000,China;College of Agronomy,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang,Jiangxi 330045,China)

机构地区：[1]萍乡市农业科学研究中心,江西萍乡337000 [2]江西农业大学农学院,江西南昌330045

出　　处：《杂交水稻》2023年第5期126-131,共6页Hybrid Rice

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30030090);国家“863”计划(2003AA209030);江西省农作物良种联合攻关项目。

摘　　要：为寻求能够用于鉴定与评价不同类型氮素营养效率稻种资源苗期的特征性状,以88个不同类型氮素利用效率(NUE)、氮素吸收效率(NAE)和氮素利用效率响应度(NUER)的稻种资源为研究对象,系统分析了苗期15个性状的差异性。结果表明:(1)不同类型氮素营养效率稻种资源苗期15个性状在低、中、高3种类型间差异性不尽相同,在低、中、高效NUE间存在显著或极显著差异的性状有6个(占比40.0%),在低、中、高效NAE间和低、中、高响应NUER间均为10个(占比66.7%),即获得高效NUE、高效NAE和高响应NUER的途径是不同的;(2)差异显著或极显著的性状对不同类型氮素营养效率影响程度大小亦不完全相同,对NUE的影响为植株含氮量>倒3叶SPAD值>单株根表面积>单株地上部干重>单株总干重>单株总根长,对NAE的影响为单株总干重>单株根干重>单株总根长>单株地上部干重>植株含氮量>单株根数>单株根表面积>倒3叶SPAD值>单株根体积>单株黄叶数,对NUER的影响为单株总根长>单株根表面积>单株地上部干重>植株含氮量>冠根比>倒3叶SPAD值>单株根数>单株根体积>单株绿叶数>单株黄叶数。综上所述,单株地上部干重、单株根表面积、单株总根长、植株含氮量和倒3叶SPAD值可共同用于鉴定与评价稻种资源苗期的NUE、NAE和NUER类型。To identify and evaluate the characteristic traits of rice germplasm resources with different types of nitrogen nutrient efficiency at seedling stage,88 rice germplasm resources with different types of nitrogen use efficiency(NUE),nitrogen absorption efficiency(NAE)and nitrogen use efficiency responsiveness(NUER)were selected as research objects,and the differences of 15 characters at seedling stage were systematically analyzed.The results showed that:(1)The differences of 15 characters of different types of nitrogen nutrient efficiency in rice germplasm resources at seedling stage were not the same among low,medium and high types.There were six characters with significant or extremely significant differences among low,medium and high efficiency of NUE,accounting for 40.0%,and 10 characters among low,medium and high efficiency of NAE and low,medium and high response of NUER,accounting for 66.7%.That is,there were different ways to obtain high efficiency of NUE,high efficiency of NAE and high response of NUER;(2)Significant or extremely significant traits had different effects on different types of nitrogen efficiency.The effects on NUE were plant nitrogen content>SPAD value of top 3 leaves>root surface area per plant>aboveground dry weight per plant>total dry weight per plant>total root length per plant.The effects on NAE were total dry weight per plant>root dry weight per plant>total root length per plant>aboveground dry weight per plant>plant nitrogen content>root surface area per plant>SPAD value of top 3 leaves>root volume per plant>number of yellow leaves per plant.The effects on NUER were total root length per plant>root surface area per plant>dry weight per plant>plant nitrogen content>shoot-root ratio>SPAD value of top 3 leaves>number of roots per plant>root volume per plant>number of green leaves per plant>number of yellow leaves per plant.In conclusion,aboveground dry weight per plant,root surface area per plant,total root length per plant,plant nitrogen content and SPAD value of top 3 leaves can be use

关 键 词：水稻 氮素 营养效率 特征性状 

分 类 号：S511.04[农业科学—作物学] S318