不同人群泌尿系统感染的病原菌分布差异分析  

Distribution differences of pathogenic bacteria among different populations with urinary system infection

作　　者：胡馨 杨志勇[1] 胡海峰[1] 刘翌 谢蓉[1] Hu Xin;Yang Zhiyong;Hu Haifeng;Liu Yi;Xie Rong(Department of Western Medicine,Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University,Chengdu 610036,Sichuan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]成都大学附属医院西药剂科,成都610036

出　　处：《中国基层医药》2023年第12期1804-1807,共4页Chinese Journal of Primary Medicine and Pharmacy

基　　金：四川省成都市金牛区医学会科研课题(JNKY2021-05)。

摘　　要：目的了解不同人群泌尿系统感染病原菌的分布差异,为临床合理用药提供依据。方法收集成都大学附属医院2021年7月至2022年6月泌尿系统感染患者1 045例中段尿培养的临床资料,回顾性分析不同人群(不同年龄、不同性别、不同合并疾病)的病原菌分布特点。结果共纳入1 045例泌尿系感染患者1 045份标本,其中革兰阳性菌为743例,革兰阴性菌为205例,真菌为97例。老年人群(65岁及以上)625例,占59.81%,老年人群尿培养真菌占比[11.68%(73/625)]为中青年人群(< 65岁)真菌占比[5.17%(24/420)]的2倍。在尿培养阳性结果中,合并糖尿病人群占比最高,为20.96%(219/1 045),其他依次为合并泌尿系统结石[16.08%(168/1 045)]、合并高血压[6.41%(67/1 045)]、合并慢性阻塞性肺疾病[2.97%(31/1 045)]。结论尿培养病原菌种类以革兰阴性菌为主,其次为革兰阳性菌和真菌。老年人及合并糖尿病人群发生泌尿系统感染的风险较高。泌尿系统感染的病原菌存在复杂性,可根据近期尿培养结果选择抗菌药物进行针对性的治疗,以确保用药合理、安全、有效。Objective To investigate the distribution difference of pathogens among various populations and to provide a basis for clinically rational drug use.Methods The clinical data of 1045 patients with urinary system infections who received treatment at the Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University from July 2021 to June 2022 was collected.The distribution characteristics of pathogenic bacteria in different populations(different ages,different genders,and different concomitant diseases)were retrospectively analyzed.Results A total of 1045 specimens from 1045 patients with urinary tract infection were included in the final analysis.Among them,743 cases were gram bacteria-positive,205 cases were gram bacteria-negative,and 97 cases were fungi-positive.A total of 625 cases were older(aged 65 years and above)adults,accounting for 59.81%.The proportion of urine fungi-positives in the older adult population[11.68%(73/625)]was twice that of urine fungi in the young and middle-aged population(<65 years old)[5.17%(24/420)].Among the positive results of urine culture,older adults with diabetes mellitus accounted for the highest proportion[20.96%(219/1045)],followed by those with urinary stones[16.08%(168/1045)],those with hypertension[6.41%(67/1045)],and those with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease[2.97%(31/1045)].Conclusion Gram-negative bacteria are the main pathogens in urine culture,followed by gram-positive bacteria and fungi.The older adults with diabetes mellitus have a higher risk of urinary tract infection compared with young and middle-aged population.The pathogenic bacteria of urinary system infection are complex,so antimicrobial drugs can be selected for targeted treatment according to the recent urine culture results to ensure the rational,safe,and effective use of drugs.

关 键 词：泌尿道感染 革兰氏阴性菌 革兰氏阳性菌 真菌 人口统计学 

分 类 号：R691.3[医药卫生—泌尿科学]