宜昌市2019-2021年冬防期空气质量改善及三次重污染过程减排效果研究  

Study on Air Quality Improvement and Emission Reduction Effect of Three Heavy Pollution Processes in Yichang City during Winter Defense Period of 2019-2021

作　　者：刘丹 李瑜 吴倩 刘亚文 彭瑾 周婷[3] 胡辉[3] 刘巍 LIU Dan;LI Yu;WU Qian;LIU Yawen;PENG Jin;ZHOU Ting;HU Hui;LIU Wei(Hubei Provincial Academy of Eco-Environmental Science(Provincial Appraisal Center for Ecological and Environmental Engineering),WuHan 430072,China;Ecological Environment Bureau of Yichang City,Yichang 443000,China;Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省生态环境科学研究院(省生态环境工程评估中心),湖北武汉430072 [2]宜昌市生态环境局,湖北宜昌443000 [3]华中科技大学,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2023年第12期2282-2292,共11页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：大气重污染成因与治理攻关项目(No.DQGG202147);中国工程院院地合作项目(No.2023-DFZD-45)。

摘　　要：冬季是宜昌市大气PM_(2.5)污染防治最艰难的时期,适当的冬防措施使得宜昌市近几年的空气质量取得一定成效.为研究冬防措施对宜昌市空气质量的影响及冬防期间重污染应急减排效果,利用宜昌市环境空气质量和组分监测数据,分析了宜昌市2019-2021年冬防期(11月-翌年2月)空气质量、颗粒物组分和来源解析等变化情况,评估了2021年冬防期间3个典型重污染时段应急管控措施效果.结果表明:(1)宜昌市2021年冬防期较2020年和2019年冬防期PM_(2.5)浓度均下降了4.3%.(2)2021年冬防期NO_(3)-、SO_4^(2-)、POA和SOA浓度较2019年冬防期显著降低,降幅分别为11.8%、12.7%、24.4%和29.6%.(3)2019-2021年冬防期宜昌市PM_(2.5)的主要来源为二次源(占35.85%~55.10%)、机动车排放源(占13.56%~36.08%)、生物质燃烧源(占8.26%~17.15%)、工业源(占4.34%~8.83%)和扬尘源(占3.78%~7.22%),其中二次源的贡献占比在2019-2021年冬防期间均较高,机动车排放源的贡献占比呈逐年下降趋势,且二次源与工业源的贡献占比2021年冬防期较2019年冬防期均有所增加.(4)WRF-Chem模型模拟表明,2021年冬防期3次典型重污染时段应急管控措施可降低4.2%~9.2%的PM_(2.5)浓度.研究显示,科学的冬防措施为宜昌市空气质量改善做出了积极贡献,但同时宜昌市大气复合型污染形势加剧,PM_(2.5)的防控难度进一步加大,精准分析研判、科学开展污染防治将有利于环境空气质量的持续稳步改善.Winter is the most difficult period for the prevention and control of atmospheric PM_(2.5) pollution.In recent years,Yichang City has adopted appropriate winter prevention measures for air pollution prevention and control,and achieved certain improvement results.In order to study the impact of winter control measures on air quality in Yichang City and the effect of heavy pollution emergency emission reduction during the winter control period,we analyzed the changes in air quality,particulate matter components and source resolution during the winter control period of 2019-2021 in Yichang City using the ambient air quality and component monitoring data of Yichang City,and assessed the effect of heavy pollution emergency control measures during the winter control period of 2021 during three typical heavy pollution periods.The results showed that:(1)The PM_(2.5) concentration in Yichang City during the winter defense period in 2021 decreased by 4.3%compared with the winter defense periods in 2020 and 2019.(2)The concentrations of NO_(3)^(−),SO_(4)^(2−),POA and SOA decreased significantly in the 2021 winter defense period compared with the 2019 winter defense period,with the decreases of 11.8%,12.7%,24.4%and 29.6%,respectively.(3)During the winter defense period of 2019-2021,the main sources of PM_(2.5) in Yichang City were secondary sources(35.85%-55.10%),motor vehicles(13.56%-36.08%),biomass combustion(8.26%-17.15%),industrial sources(4.34%-8.83%),and dust sources(3.78%-7.22%).The contribution of the secondary sources was high,the contribution of motor vehicles showed a decreasing trend year by year.The contribution of both secondary sources and industrial sources increased in the 2021 winter defense period compared with the 2019 winter defense period.(4)WRF-Chem model simulations showed that emergency control measures for three typical heavy pollution periods during the winter prevention period in 2021 reduced PM_(2.5) concentrations by 4.2%-9.2%.The study shows that scientific winter control measures have made

关 键 词：空气质量 改善 重污染 PM_(2.5) 冬防期 宜昌市 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]