2019-2021年我国加油站汽油VOCs排放逐月变化分析  

Monthly Changes in VOCs Emissions from Gas Stations in China from 2019 to2021

作　　者：王燕军[1,3] 李钊 张鹤丰[1,3] 王运静[1,3] 祖雷[3] 杨新平 WANG Yanjun;LI Zhao;ZHANG Hefeng;WANG Yunjing;ZU Lei;YANG Xinping(State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emission Control and Simulation,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China;China Construction Industrial&Energy Engineering Group Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing 210046,China;Vehicle Emission Control Center,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China)

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院,国家环境保护机动车污染控制与模拟重点实验室,北京100012 [2]中建安装集团有限公司,江苏南京210046 [3]中国环境科学研究院机动车排污监控中心,北京100012

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2023年第12期2306-2313,共8页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：移动源污染排放控制技术国家工程实验室开放基金项目(No.NELMS2019A19);O_(3)和PM_(2.5)复合污染协同防控科技攻关预研项目(No.DQGG202023)。

摘　　要：加油站排放的VOCs包含的物种化学活性高、臭氧生成潜势大,是我国大气O_(3)污染防治的重点源项之一.为了解我国加油站汽油VOCs排放强度变化情况,本研究利用美国环境保护局(US EPA)人为源空气污染物排放清单编制技术手册(AP-42)中推荐的加油站VOCs排放因子测算方法,在分析2019-2021年我国31个省(自治区、直辖市)汽油消费量变化以及各直辖市、省会(首府)城市环境温度逐月变化(不包括港澳台地区数据,下同)基础上,测算了2019-2021年我国各省份加油站汽油VOCs排放因子逐月变化情况和VOCs排放时空变化特征.结果表明:(1)我国各直辖市、省会(首府)城市加油站汽油VOCs排放因子有明显的逐月变化趋势,7-8月最高,12月-翌年1月较低,2019年不同城市月排放因子相差32.2%~290.6%.(2)2019-2021年我国加油站汽油VOCs排放量分别为22.2×10^(4)、24.6×10^(4)和26.3×10^(4) t,逐月变化趋势呈现先逐步升高再快速下降趋势,2月最低,7月或8月最高,月排放量相差最高可达125.3%(2019年).(3)我国内地七大地理片区加油站汽油VOCs逐月排放量差异性明显,其中东北地区差异性最大,月度排放量差异最高可达296.0%(2021年);华南地区差异性最小,月度排放量差异最高为62.6%(2020年).研究显示,我国不同地区加油站月度VOCs排放变化差异性较大,排放控制的重点是夏季的华东、华中和华南地区.s:VOCs from the gas stations have been one of the key sources of atmospheric O3 pollution in China due to their high species activity and high ozone formation potential.To understand the changes in gasoline VOCs emissions from gas stations in China,the AP-42 method recommended in the technical manual for the preparation of anthropogenic air pollutants inventory developed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency(US EPA)was used to calculate the VOCs emissions from gas stations based on the analysis of the monthly gasoline consumption in 31 different provinces of China Mainland from 2019 to 2021 and the monthly changes of the environmental temperature in the provincial capital cities(excluding data from Hong Kong,Macao,and Taiwan regions).The monthly change of gasoline VOCs emission factors(EFs)of gas stations from 2019 to 2021 was calculated quantitatively.The spatial-temporal characteristics of gasoline VOCs emissions from gas stations were studied.The results showed that:(1)The VOCs EFs in representative provincial capital cities showed obvious monthly change tendency.The highest EF occurred in July or August,and the lowest appeared in December or January.Themonthly EF difference could reach 32.2%-290.6%among different cities in 2019.(2)From 2019 to 2021,the VOCs emissions from gasoline stations were about 222 thousand tons,246 thousand tons,and 263 thousand tons,respectively,showing a monthly trend of first increasing and then rapid decreasing.The highest monthly emissions occurred in July or August,while the lowest appeared in February,leading to the maximum monthly emission difference of 125.3%in 2019.(3)The monthly VOCs emissions from gas stations in different provinces of China were quite different.Among the seven geographical regions in China,the Northeast China region had the largest variation of monthly emission of 296.0%(in 2021),and the South China region showed the smallest difference of 62.6%(in 2020).The research shows that the monthly VOCs emissions of gas stations in different regions

关 键 词：VOCs排放 排放因子 逐月变化 汽油 

分 类 号：X701[环境科学与工程—环境工程]