金属氢化物储放氢反应器研究进展  

Recent Developments in Metal Hydride Hydrogen Storage and Desorption Reactor

作　　者：应强 李建立[1,2] 段秉言 耿银良 李敬法 YING Qiang;LI Jianli;DUAN Bingyan;GENG Yingliang;LI Jingfa(School of Mechanical Engineering,Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology,Beijing 102617,China;Hydrogen Energy Research Center,Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology,Beijing 102617,China)

机构地区：[1]北京石油化工学院机械工程学院,北京102617 [2]北京石油化工学院氢能研究中心,北京102617

出　　处：《北京石油化工学院学报》2023年第4期12-21,共10页Journal of Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology

摘　　要：金属氢化物储氢具有原料丰富易得、体积储氢密度较高、储放氢条件相对温和且调节范围宽等优点,在氢储运、氢储能、便携氢源等领域应用广泛。金属氢化物在吸放氢时大量放热和吸热的反应特性决定了反应器的热管理效能对整个装置的储放氢性能具有决定性影响。从反应器类型、热管理单元结构演变和热管理效果评价等方面,综述了管式、盘式、罐式、蜂窝式等典型结构金属氢化物储氢反应器的研究进展。对于最常见的罐式反应器,在保证本质安全和较高储氢密度的前提下,综合采用内外结合、扩展传热表面、微通道换热等强化传热技术,设计出外部换热型、内部直管换热型、内部螺旋管换热型、内部微管束换热型、内外复合换热型等热管理结构。就热管理效果而言,仿真与实验研究均表明,随着传热表面的拓展、热交换工艺条件的优化,反应器储放氢过程的可控性大大提高,储放氢性能显著改善。随着金属氢化物储氢材料的不断发展及应用场景的日益多样化,金属氢化物储氢反应器正朝布局均匀化和结构紧凑化方向发展。Metal hydride hydrogen storage has good application prospects in the fields of hydrogen storage and transportation,hydrogen energy storage and portable hydrogen source because of its abundant and easy to obtain raw materials,high bulk hydrogen storage density,relatively mild storage and discharge conditions and wide adjustment range.The thermal management efficiency of the reactor has a decisive influence on the performance of the whole device.The research progress of metal hydride hydrogen storage reactors with typical structures,such as tubular,disk,tank and honeycomb,is reviewed from three aspects,including reactor type,thermal management unit structure evolution and thermal management effect evaluation.For the most common tank-type reactor,on the premise of ensuring the intrinsic safety and high hydrogen storage density,researchers have designed external heat transfer type,internal straight tube heat transfer type,internal spiral tube heat transfer type,internal micro-tube bundle heat transfer type,internal and external composite heat transfer type and other thermal management structures by combining internal and external,extended heat transfer surface,micro-channel heat transfer and other enhanced heat transfer techniques.In terms of thermal management effect,both simulation and experimental studies show that with the expansion of heat transfer surface and optimization of heat exchange process conditions,the controllability of hydrogen storage and discharge process of the reactor is greatly improved and the performance of hydrogen storage and discharge is significantly improved.With the continuous development of metal hydride hydrogen storage materials and the increasingly diverse application scenarios,metal hydride hydrogen storage reactors are developing in the direction of homogenization of layout and compactness of structure.

关 键 词：金属氢化物储氢 反应器 强化传热技术 热管理效果 

分 类 号：TK91[动力工程及工程热物理]