语言接触视域下榕江三宝侗语的语音差异、成因及发展趋势  

Phonetic Differences,Causes and Development Trend of the Dong Language in Sanbao,Rongjiang County under the Perspective of Language Contact

作　　者：石林[1] 吴永谊[2] SHI Lin;WU Yongyi

机构地区：[1]南开大学文学院,天津300071 [2]贵州民族大学文学院,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《贵州民族大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2023年第6期84-100,共17页Journal of Guizhou Minzu University:Philosophy and Social Science

摘　　要：榕江三宝侗语是侗语的标准音点,但三宝各寨之间声韵调仍存在差异。在声调方面,舒声调基本相同,入声调的差异主要表现在送气阳入调类相同而调值相异,中宝和下宝的低声调,上宝变为次低平调。声母差异主要表现为,下宝、上宝有小舌音声母,中宝没有小舌音声母;下宝有喉擦音声母,中宝、上宝没有喉擦音声母;上宝有塞擦音声母,中宝、下宝没有塞擦音声母;上宝鼻音、边音等声母有送气成分,中宝、下宝没有。在韵母上,下宝的高元音-i和-u在中宝、上宝裂变为-i和-u。三宝侗语产生的语音差异,主要是语言接触的影响所致。随着语言接触程度的加深,三宝侗语的语音将会受到汉语的语音影响而不断发生变化,进而缩小地域方言的语音差异,促进共同语的形成。The Dong language in Sanbao,Rongjiang County is typical in pronunciation,but even here differences exist in terms of consonants and vowels and prosody.In the case of tune the lax sounds are basically the same,the differences of start sounds are mainly shown in aspiration same in type but discrepant in value;the low tune in Zhongbao and Xiabao turns to secondary low and level tune in Shangbao.The differences of consonants are mainly shown in that there are velar consonants in Xiabao and Shangbao but not in Zhongbao;there are glottal fricatives in Xiabao but not in Zhongbao and Shangbao;there are affricates in Shangbao but not in Zhongbao and Xiabao;there are aspirants in the nasals and laterals of Shangbao but not in Zhongbao and Xiabao.In the case of vowels the high vowels“I”and“u”in Xiabao turn to“i”and“u”in Zhongbao and Shangbao.The phonetic differences in Sanbao(composed of Shangbao,Zhongbao and Xiabao)are mainly attributed to language contact.With the deepening of language contact the pronunciation of Sanbao Dong language is increasingly affected by the Chinese language and changed accordingly.In this way regional differences are reduced and a common language comes into being.

关 键 词：三宝侗语 差异 成因 趋势 

分 类 号：H272[语言文字—少数民族语言]