明胶作分散剂制备球形银粉的研究  

STUDY ON PREPARATION OF SPHERICAL SILVER POWDER USING GELATIN AS A DISPERSANT

作　　者：吴和平 吴超[1,3] 韩铮 Wu Heping;Wu Chao;Han Zheng(Tongbai Hongxin New Material Co.Ltd,Nanyang 473417,China;Xinda Gold and Silver Development Center Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100038,China;Nanyang Silver New Material Engineering Technology Research Center,Nanyang 473417,China)

机构地区：[1]桐柏泓鑫新材料有限公司,南阳473417 [2]鑫达金银开发中心有限责任公司,北京100038 [3]南阳市银新材料工程技术研究中心,南阳473417

出　　处：《太阳能》2023年第12期47-58,共12页Solar Energy

摘　　要：考察了聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)、阿拉伯树胶、瓜尔豆胶、明胶、柠檬酸钠5种分散剂对银粉粒度分布和微观形貌的影响,并选择明胶作为分散剂;然后详细研究了明胶用量、硝酸银溶液初始质量百分比浓度、溶液体系搅拌速度、抗坏血酸溶液初始pH值及溶液体系温度等因素对银粉粒度分布和微观形貌的影响,并最终确定了制备粒径均一、球形度较好的银粉的优化工艺条件。研究结果表明:随着硝酸银溶液初始质量百分比浓度的增加,银粉的D50粒径逐渐增大;而随着溶液体系搅拌速度、明胶用量、抗坏血酸溶液初始pH值和溶液体系温度的增加,银粉的D50粒径逐渐变小,微观形貌更趋近于球形。以明胶作为分散剂制备银粉的优化工艺条件为:硝酸银溶液初始质量百分比浓度为16.0%、明胶与硝酸银质量百分比为3.96%、抗坏血酸溶液初始质量百分比浓度为12.3%、抗坏血酸溶液初始pH值为2.5、溶液体系搅拌速度为400 rpm、溶液体系温度为50℃、反应滴定时间控制在25 min,在此条件下制备得到的银粉的D50粒径为3.247μm,比表面积为0.175 m^(2)/g,银粉分散均匀,球形度良好。This paper investigates the effects of five dispersants,namely polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP),arabic gum,guar gum,gelatin,and sodium citrate,on the particle size distribution and micro morphology of silver powder,and chooses gelatin as the dispersant.Then,a detailed study is conducted on the effects of factors such as the gelatin dosage,initial mass percentage concentration of silver nitrate solution,stirring speed of solution system,initial pH value of the ascorbic acid solution,and temperature of solution system on the particle size distribution and micro morphology of silver powder.Finally,the optimized process conditions for preparing silver powder with uniform particle size and good sphericity are determined.The research results show that as the initial mass percentage concentration of silver nitrate solution increases,the particle size of D50 of silver powder gradually increases;As the stirring speed of solution system,gelatin dosage,initial pH value of the ascorbic acid solution,and temperature of the solution system increase,the particle size of D50 of silver powder gradually decreases,and the micro morphology tends to be more spherical.The optimized process conditions for preparing silver powder using gelatin as a dispersant are as follows:the initial mass percentage concentration of silver nitrate solution is 16.0%,the mass percentage of gelatin and silver nitrate is 3.96%,the initial mass percentage concentration of ascorbic acid solution is 12.3%,the initial pH value of the ascorbic acid solution is 2.5,the stirring speed of solution system is 400 rpm,the temperature of the solution system is 50℃,and the reaction titration time is controlled at 25 minutes.The particle size of the silver powder prepared under these conditions at D50 is 3.247μm,the specific surface area is 0.175 m^(2)/g,and the silver powder is evenly dispersed with good sphericity.

关 键 词：太阳电池 球形银粉 粒径 微观形貌 粒度分布 明胶 分散剂 

分 类 号：TG146.32[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]