2022年河南省病媒生物生态学监测分析  

A vector ecological surveillance and analysis of Henan province,China,2022

作　　者：樊金星 张叶 岳思宁 王安琪 赵奇[1] 刘吉起[1] FAN Jinxing;ZHANG Ye;YUE Sining;WANG Anqi;ZHAO Qi;LIU Jiqi(Institute of Disinfection and Vector Control,Henan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhengzhou,Henan 450016,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省疾病预防控制中心消毒与媒介生物控制研究所,河南郑州450016

出　　处：《现代疾病预防控制》2023年第12期890-894,共5页MODERN DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION

摘　　要：目的掌握2022年河南省主要病媒生物的种群构成、密度及季节消长等生态学规律,为河南省病媒生物防控提供科学依据。方法鼠类监测采用夹夜法、笼夜法和粘鼠板法,全年单月监测;蚊虫监测采用诱蚊灯法,5-10月监测;蝇类采用诱蝇笼法,4-10月监测;蜚蠊采用粘捕法,全年单月监测。使用Excel 2010软件收集、整理数据。结果2022年河南省鼠类监测累计回收有效夹114124夹/笼/板,捕获鼠类651只鼠,鼠类捕获率为0.57%,小家鼠为优势种,全年鼠密度波动不大,城镇居民区、重点行业和农村自然村捕获率分别为0.46%、0.55%和0.69%;累计布放诱蚊灯3390灯次,捕获雌蚊26585只,雌蚊总密度为7.84只/(灯·夜),淡色库蚊为优势种,蚊密度高峰期在6-8月,其中养殖场的蚊密度最高,为21.72只/(灯·夜);累计布放1803笼次诱蝇笼,捕蝇8475只,蝇类平均密度为4.70只/笼,优势蝇种为家蝇和麻蝇,蝇密度高峰为7月,其中农贸市场蝇密度最高,为5.52只/笼;累计回收有效粘蟑纸23075张,共捕获2038只蜚蠊,蜚蠊平均密度为0.09只/张,德国小蠊为优势种,农贸市场蜚蠊密度最高,为0.24只/张,蜚蠊密度高峰为9月。结论河南省农村自然村的鼠类、养殖场的蚊虫、农贸市场的蝇类和蜚蠊为病媒生物重点孳生及防制对象,应结合病媒生物季节消长,抓住关键时期开展综合防治,控制病媒生物性传染病的发生。Objective To investigate the species composition,density,and seasonal fluctuation of vectors in Henan province,China,and provide scientific evidence for vector prevention and control.Methods Rodents were captured in odd months by night-trapping,night-cage and sticky board methods;mosquitoes were captured by light trapping from May to October;the trap cage method was used for fly surveillance from April to October;the sticky trap method was used to capture cockroaches in odd months all year round.Excel 2010 software was used for data collection.Results In 2022,a total of 114124 effective rodent traps were set and 651 rodents were captured in Henan province,with a capture rate of 0.57%.Mus musculus was the dominant population,and the capture rates in residential areas,special industries and rural natural villages were 0.46%,0.55%and 0.69%,respectively,with little fluctuation of rodents density all year round.A total of 3390 mosquito traps were placed and 26585 female mosquitoes were captured with the density of 7.84 mosquitoes/lamp'night.Culex pipiens was the dominant population,and the density of mosquitoes was relatively high in livestock farm with 21.72 mosquitoes/lamp·night.The peak density of mosquitoes was from June-August.A total of 1803 fly traps were deployed and 8475 flies were captured,with the density of 4.70 flies/cage.Musca Domestica and Sarcophagidae were the dominant population,and farmers'markets had the highest fly density of 5.52 flies/cage.The peak was July.A total of 23075 effective sticky traps were set and 2038 cockroaches were captured with the density of 0.09 cockroach/cage.Blattella germanica was the dominant species,and the density of cockroaches was relatively high in farmers'markets with O.24 cockroach/cage.The peak was September.Conclusions According to the monitoring results,rural natural villages for rodents,livestock farm for mosquitoes,farmers'markets for flies and cockroaches are the main breeding place and control targets in Henan province.The seasonal fluctuation and critical p

关 键 词：病媒生物 生态学监测 河南省 

分 类 号：R184.31[医药卫生—流行病学]