花绒寄甲对垂柳主要天牛防效的评价  

Evaluation of the control effect of releasing Dastarcus helophoroides against longicorn beetles in Salix babylonica

作　　者：闫闯[1] 陈元生[1] 罗致迪 周嘉颖 魏钦钦 Yan Chuang;Chen Yuansheng;Luo Zhidi;Zhou Jiaying;Wei Qinqin(Jiangxi Environmental Engineering Vocational College,Ganzhou Jiangxi 341000,China)

机构地区：[1]江西环境工程职业学院,江西赣州341000

出　　处：《中国植保导刊》2023年第11期53-59,共7页China Plant Protection

基　　金：江西省教育厅科技计划项目(GJJ204411)。

摘　　要：为探究花绒寄甲对南方垂柳主要天牛害虫防治效果,在对赣州市垂柳天牛种类进行调查和鉴定的基础上,采用不同释放时期、不同释放数量和花绒寄甲不同寄主种群,开展了防治效果对比试验。结果表明,赣州市垂柳上的主要天牛有光肩星天牛(Anoplophora glabripennis)、云斑天牛(Batocera horsfieldi)、星天牛(A.chinensis)和桑天牛(Apriona germari)共4种,且它们具有不同的生态位,优势天牛为光肩星天牛。花绒寄甲成虫对这4种天牛均有较好的防效,且4月初释放的防治效果显著高于9月中旬释放的效果。天牛虫口校正减退率与花绒寄甲释放数量呈极显著的2次多项式正相关关系,以每虫孔释放4头花绒寄甲成虫最为经济有效。释放不同寄主来源的花绒寄甲种群在释放的初期表现出对其自身寄主的嗜好性、对非靶标寄主的弱寄生性,但经过多代的适应后,均可表现出对目标寄主相似且较高的防治效果。试验表明,花绒寄甲成虫释放后40 d,防治效果较低(40%~60%),而防治1年后,防治效果均在80%以上,即防效的评价时间应选择在释放1年以后,才能得到准确的防效。南方可于4月初、按4头/虫孔释放花绒寄甲成虫,释放1年后能达到既节约成本又可实现高效持续防治垂柳天牛的目的。This study aimed to investigate the effects of releasing Dastarcus helophoroides on the main longicorn pests of Salix babylonica,a type of weeping willow,and to develop sustainable measures to control the longicorn damage.We carried out the control experiment of releasing D.heliophoroides with varying release periods,numbers,and sources based on the findings of the investigation and identification of the longicorn on S.babylonica in Ganzhou City,and compared the control effects.The results showed Anoplophora glabripennis,Batocera horsfieldi,A.chinensis,and Apriona germari were the main longicorn beetle species found on S.babylonica in Ganzhou City.These species had different ecological niches,with A.glabripennis being the dominant species.The use of adult D.heliophoroides had a positive control effect on all four longicorn beetles.When releasing D.heliophoroides in early April,the control effect was significantly higher than that in mid-September,with the corresponding average decline rate of the longicorn beetles population of 56.19%and 40.96%.There was a significant positive correlation between the corrected decline rate of the longicorn beetles population and the number of D.heliophoroides released(p<0.05).However,in terms of cost performance,releasing four adults for each exit hole is the most economical and efficient method.During the initial stage of release,the released D.heliophoroides from different host sources showed a preference for their primary hosts,with weak parasitism on non-target hosts.However,after several generations,they all adapted and showed similar and improved control effects.After 40 days from adult release,the control effect was relatively low(40%~60%),whereas one year after,the control effect could reach above 80%.To accurately analyze the control effect,we recommend evaluating it one year after the release.In Southern China,the release of four adult D.heliophoroide per exit hole of the longicorn beetles in early April appears to be an efficient,economical,and sustainable approach for

关 键 词：花绒寄甲 光肩星天牛 星天牛 云斑天牛 桑天牛 减退率 防效 垂柳 释放技术 

分 类 号：S436.611.22[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S476.3[农业科学—植物保护]