应用立式加工中心小批量插削盘形凸轮内孔平键槽的加工工艺  

Application of Vertical Machining Center Small Batch Inserting Processing Technology of Disc-shaped Cam Inner Hole Flat Keyway

作　　者：成振洋 张勇 何冰强[2] Cheng Zhenyang;Zhang Yong;He Bingqiang(Guangzhou Light Industry Technician College,Guangzhou 510220,China;Guangdong Mechanical and Electrical Vocational and Technical College,Guangzhou 510545,China)

机构地区：[1]广州市轻工技师学院,广州510220 [2]广东机电职业技术学院,广州510545

出　　处：《机电工程技术》2023年第12期63-66,123,共5页Mechanical & Electrical Engineering Technology

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金面上项目(2019A1515011349);广东省科技专项资金项目(SDZX2021014)。

摘　　要：针对盘形凸轮内孔平键槽是直角连接形状难以在立式加工中心进行铣削的加工难题,基于传统加工工艺采用插床插削、拉床拉削或电火花线切割机电加工成型的加工原理基础,提出应用立式加工中心机床小批量插削盘形凸轮内孔平键槽的新加工工艺。利用立式加工中心机床主轴定向功能,同时设计一把适用于加工中心机床刀柄且结构符合加工平键槽形状的插刀,并通过数控手工编程编写加工程序,将插刀安装在机床主轴上固定方向进行上下往复进给运动插削键槽长度及径向进给运动插削键槽深度,实现利用立式加工中心小批量插削内孔平键槽的加工工艺。结果表明:所提出的方法可使内孔平键槽的尺寸精度达到JS9公差等级、表面粗糙度达到3.2μm,符合零件图纸要求,并且加工时长可控制在60 s以内;与传统加工工艺相比,所提工艺可以减少盘形凸轮零件加工工序,直接在立式加工中心上进行铣削凸轮、内孔及插削内孔平键槽,提高了零件的生产效率并降低了零件多工序加工的累积装夹误差。该方法及插刀设计结构可为开展类似内孔平键槽零件加工工艺研究提供参考。Aiming at the processing problem of the disc-shaped cam inner hole flat keyway,which is a right-angle connection shape that is difficult to mill on a vertical machining center,based on the processing principle basis that the machining principles of slotting,broaching or wire EDM electromechanical machining are used in the traditional processing technology,a new processing technology is proposed for small batch inserting of disc-shaped cam inner hole flat keyway using vertical machining center machine tools.The machine tool spindle orientation function of the vertical machining center is used to design a slotting tool that is suitable for the machine tool holder of the machining center and has a structure that conforms to the shape of the flat keyway,and through CNC manual programming to write the processing program,let the slotting tool installed on the machine tool spindle.The up and down reciprocating feed motion in the upper fixed direction is used to realize the insert of the keyway length and the radial feed motion is used to realize the insert of the keyway depth,by which the processing technology of inserting the inner hole flat keyway in small batches using the vertical machining center can be realized.The results show that the processing effect of the proposed process method enables the dimensional accuracy of the inner hole flat keyway to reach the JS9 tolerance level and the surface roughness to 3.2μm,which meets the requirements of the part drawing,and the processing time can be controlled within 60 s;compared with traditional processing technology,by using this processing technology,the processing steps of disc-shaped cam parts can be reduced,milling the cam,inner hole and inserting the inner hole flat keyway can be carried out directly on the vertical machining center,and the production efficiency of the parts can be improved and the cumulative clamping error of multi-process processing of parts can be reduced.The process method and inserting tool design structure can provide reference for research

关 键 词：立式加工中心 内孔平键槽 插削 插刀 加工工艺 

分 类 号：TG659[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]