基于双激光跟踪仪的五轴联动激光机床空间精度检测  

Spatial Accuracy Detection for Five-axis Laser Machine Tool Based on Dual Laser Tracker

作　　者：徐兆华 盛辉 谷睿宇 郑致聪 张凯 Xu Zhaohua;Sheng Hui;Gu Ruiyu;Zheng Zhicong;Zhang Kai(Ultrafast Laser Engineering Technology Research Center of Guangdong,Shenzhen TETE Laser Technology Co.,Ltd.,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518000,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳泰德激光技术股份有限公司广东省超快激光工程技术研究中心,广东深圳518000

出　　处：《机电工程技术》2023年第12期213-216,共4页Mechanical & Electrical Engineering Technology

摘　　要：五轴联动机床的空间精度是衡量五轴联动机床性能的关键指标,针对五轴联动激光机床在空间精度检测过程中,因受限于五轴联动激光机床的空间结构特点而难以测量的问题,提出基于两台激光跟踪仪对五轴联动激光机床空间精度进行识别与测量的方法。两台跟踪仪分别记录五轴联动激光机床上下两部分运动轨迹,并将轨迹坐标提取出来,再将坐标值根据相同位置进行综合汇总提取,然后通过曲线拟合得到最终合成轨迹,最后用最小二乘法比较设定轨迹与实测拟合轨迹的差值,得到机床的空间轨迹精度。试验测试表明,相较于传统的激光干涉仪或连杆仪的测量方式,通过双激光跟踪仪标定拟合的方式可以更快速有效地得到五轴联动激光机床绕B、C轴进行RTCP联动的精度和空间轨迹精度,并且该方法具有较高的可操作性与重复性。The spatial accuracy of five-axis linkage laser machine tool is the key index to measure the performance of five-axis linkage machine tool.Aiming at the problem that it is difficult to measure the spatial accuracy of five-axis linkage laser machine tool due to the spatial structure characteristics of five-axis linkage laser machine tool,a method is presented to identify and measure the spatial accuracy of five-axis linkage laser machine tool based on two laser trackers.The motion trajectories of the upper and lower parts of the five-axis laser machine tool are recorded by two trackers respectively,and the trajectory coordinates are extracted,and then the coordinate values are comprehensively summarized and extracted according to the same position,and then the final synthesized trajectory is obtained by curve fitting.Finally,the difference between the set trajectory and the measured fitted trajectory is compared by least square method.The spatial trajectory accuracy of the machine tool is obtained.The experimental results show that compared with the traditional measurement method of laser interferometer or linkage instrument,the accuracy and spatial trajectory accuracy of RTCP linkage of five-axis laser machine tool around B and C axis can be quickly and effectively obtained by the calibration and fitting method of double laser tracker,and the method has high operability and repeatability.

关 键 词：双激光跟踪仪 五轴联动激光机床 曲线拟合 空间精度检测 

分 类 号：TH124[机械工程—机械设计及理论]