1.5 kV低频真空断路器开断能力的研究与验证  

Research and Verification of the Breaking Performance of 1.5 kV Low-frequency Vacuum Circuit Breaker

作　　者：孙文艺 Sun Wenyi(Guangdong Mingyang Electric Co.,Ltd.,Zhongshan,Guangdong 528451,China)

机构地区：[1]广东明阳电气股份有限公司,广东中山528451

出　　处：《机电工程技术》2023年第12期290-295,共6页Mechanical & Electrical Engineering Technology

摘　　要：风能是可再生新能源的重要组成部分,风力发电在全球的建设和应用呈现快速发展趋势。相比陆上风电,海上风电具备风速和风向平稳、单机装机容量大、不占用土地、适合大规模开发等优势,然而随着海上风电深远、大容量化,在远距离情况下,现有的交流工频输电损耗大、电压偏差大,电缆线路电容升压效应明显,此情况影响风电产业的发展,通过采用交流低频输电技术可解决上述中远海大容量风电输电并网问题,而低频输电主要造成断路器开断短路电流时燃弧时间长,降低断路器的开断能力,尤其是空气绝缘型断路器,燃弧时间长将对产品造成严重破坏。对1.5 kV真空断路器在20 Hz频率下对断路器开断能力的影响进行研究,设计了一款工频下分断能力100kA断路器,采用真空灭弧方式,横向磁场触头直径为100mm,通过Slade研究的有关计算公式,计算出在20Hz下断路器开断能力为63kA,再通过试验进行了验证。结果证明,新设计的1.5kV真空断路器实际开断能力可达70kA以上,高于计算的63 kA,为以后真空低频断路器设计提供参考。Wind energy is an important component of renewable new energy,and the construction and application of wind power generation worldwide is showing a rapid development trend.Compared to onshore wind power,offshore wind power has advantages such as stable wind speed and direction,large single unit installed capacity,no land occupation,and suitability for large-scale development.However,with the far-reaching and large-scale development of offshore wind power,in long-distance situations,existing AC power frequency transmission losses are large,voltage deviations are large,and the capacitance boosting effect of cable lines is obvious,which affects the development of the wind power industry.The use of AC low-frequency transmission technology can solve the aforementioned grid connection problem of deep ocean large capacity wind power transmission.However,low-frequency transmission mainly causes long arcing time when the circuit breaker breaks the short-circuit current,reducing the breaking capacity of the circuit breaker.Especially for air insulated circuit breakers,long arcing time will cause serious damage to the product.A study is conducted on the impact of a 1.5 kV vacuum circuit breaker on its breaking capacity at a frequency of 20 Hz.A circuit breaker with a breaking capacity of 100 kA at power frequency is designed,using vacuum arc extinguishing method and a transverse magnetic field contact diameter is 100 mm.According to Slade's research formula,the breaking capacity of the circuit breaker at 20 Hz is calculated to be 63 kA,which is verified through experiments.The results show that the actual breaking capacity of the newly designed 1.5 kV vacuum circuit breaker can reach over 70 kA,which is higher than the calculated 63 kA,providing a reference for future design of vacuum low-frequency circuit breakers.

关 键 词：1.5 kV真空断路器 低频输电 开断能力 

分 类 号：TM561[电气工程—电器]