塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地沙尘暴对新月形沙丘表面粒度变化的影响  

Effect of sandstorms on surface particle size variation of barchan dunes in the hinterland of Taklimakan Desert

作　　者：陈京平 余子莹 杨帆[2,3] 王蜜 胡涵 丁璇 高鑫 王鑫 CHEN Jingping;YU Ziying;YANG Fan;WANG Mi;HU Han;DING Xuan;GAO Xin;WANG Xin(College of Earth and Environmental Sciences,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,Gansu,China;Institute of Desert Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration(CMA),Urumqi 830002,Xinjiang,China;National Observation and Research Station of Desert Meteorology,Taklimakan Desert of Xinjiang,Urumqi 830002,Xinjiang,China;Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学资源环境学院,甘肃兰州730000 [2]中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830002 [3]新疆塔克拉玛干沙漠气象国家野外科学观测研究站,新疆乌鲁木齐830002 [4]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《干旱区地理》2023年第12期1995-2004,共10页Arid Land Geography

基　　金：第三次新疆综合科学考察项目(2021xjkk0302);国家自然科学基金委面上项目(42072211)资助。

摘　　要：以塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地的新月形沙丘为研究对象,对同一沙丘在沙尘暴作用下形态从新月形沙丘-不规则沙丘-新月形沙丘的演变过程做了观测记录,通过对不同形态沙丘表沙的粒度测量,研究沙尘暴对新月形沙丘表沙粒度的影响。结果表明:(1)新月形沙丘变形前与复原后,迎风坡中轴线处表沙的粒度变化趋势未发生变化,表现为从迎风坡脚至丘顶整体上逐渐变粗,表明风向风力相同或相近时,沙尘暴对形态相近的新月形沙丘迎风坡的粒度分布模式影响较小。(2)新月形沙丘中轴线与沙脊线处表沙均以极细沙和细沙为主,新月形沙丘原貌时,极细沙和细沙的平均占比在迎风坡与背风坡中轴线处分别为83.07%、82.81%,在左翼与右翼沙脊线处分别为84.42%、91.20%,复原为新月形沙丘后,极细沙和细沙的平均占比在迎风坡与背风坡中轴线处分别为73.18%、76.31%,在左翼与右翼沙脊线处分别为76.63%、74.0%。沙尘暴过后复原的新月形沙丘表沙分选性极好,粒径整体偏细,粒度参数一致性增强,表明沙尘暴对新月形沙丘表沙的粒度特征有重要影响。研究结果可为沙尘暴作用下新月形沙丘表沙粒度的空间分布规律研究提供重要参考价值。This study focuses on the barchan dunes situated in the hinterland of the Taklamakan Desert in Xinjiang,China.Our observations tracked the morphological evolution of a specific dune as it transforms from a barchan dune to an irregular dune and back to a barchan dune under the influence of sandstorms.By examining the particle size of surface sand across different dune morphologies,we investigate the impact of sandstorms on the particle size distribution in barchan dunes.Our findings reveal the following:(1)The particle size of surface sand along the central axis of the windward slope remains constant before and after the deformation and recovery of the barchan dune.However,there is a gradual increase in coarseness from the dune’s base to its summit.This suggests that,under similar wind direction and force conditions,sandstorms exert minimal influence on the particle size distribution pattern on the windward slope of barchan dunes with comparable morphology.(2)Both the central axis and sand ridges of the barchan dune predominantly feature extremely fine and fine sand.The average content of extremely fine sand and fine sand is 83.07%and 82.81%on the central axis of the windward slope and the leeward slope,and 84.42%and 91.20%on the left and right sand ridges,respectively.Moreover,after the sandstorm,the surface sand of the recovered barchan dune exhibits well-sorted and consistent characteristics,with an overall finer particle size,indicating a significant influence of the sandstorm on the particle size characteristics of the surface sand.These results offer valuable insights into the spatial distribution pattern of surface sand in barchan dunes under the impact of sandstorms.

关 键 词：沙尘暴 新月形沙丘 粒度 塔克拉玛干沙漠 

分 类 号：P931.3[天文地球—自然地理学]