基于RUSLE和GIS的博罗县土壤侵蚀特征分析  

Analysis of Soil Erosion Characteristics in Boluo County Based on RUSLE and GIS

作　　者：陈燕奎[1] 张豫 朱猷亮 CHEN Yan-kui;ZHANG Yu;ZHU You-liang(School of Geographical Science and Tourism,Jiaying University,Meizhou 514015,China;Shenzhen Aerospace Hongtu Information Technology Co.,LTD.,Shenzhen 518000,China)

机构地区：[1]嘉应学院地理科学与旅游学院,广东梅州514015 [2]深圳航天宏图信息技术有限公司,广东深圳518000

出　　处：《嘉应学院学报》2023年第6期68-77,共10页Journal of Jiaying University

基　　金：广东省基础与应用基础研究基金自然科学基金(321B0104);教育部产学合作协同育人项目(220702313062517);2022年度嘉应学院科技项目类(2022KJY07);2021年度第二批校级质量工程建设项目(422A0302)。

摘　　要：以广东省博罗县流域为例,在GIS与RS技术支持下,利用气象数据、土壤数据、DEM数据、植被覆盖与土地利用等基础数据,对修正通用土壤流失方程各因子进行量化分析与强度分级.结果表明:(1)2021年博罗县域土壤平均侵蚀模数为9721.24t·km^(-2)·a^(-1),总体水土流失较为严重,年侵蚀量892.61×10^(4)t,其中剧烈等级土壤侵蚀量占到总侵蚀量的54.70%;6个侵蚀强度等级面积大小依次是微度>剧烈>轻度>强度>极强度>中度;(2)石湾镇及园洲镇属微度,而西北部及东中部山地丘陵区的罗浮山、横河镇、公庄镇、柏塘镇及泰美镇等区域土壤侵蚀较为严重;(3)土壤侵蚀量与坡度存在明显正相关,每增加一个等级,平均侵蚀模数呈增大趋势,而且增大幅度较大;有林地的面积为52.64%,其土壤侵蚀量比重占45.08%,而裸地虽然面积比重仅占0.45%,但其土壤侵蚀量却占到总土壤侵蚀量的6.41%,属于激烈侵蚀等级;(4)植被覆盖度小于20%和大于65%的区域土壤侵蚀面积高达26.78%和24.57%,其他植被覆盖度级别下的土壤侵蚀面积变化不大;植被覆盖度20%~65%之间的土壤侵蚀面积为48.64%,但其土壤侵蚀总量比重达81.23%.利用该方程进行土壤侵蚀量估算,为促进博罗县土壤侵蚀动态精准监测、侵蚀因子评价和后续水土保持规划与工程实施提供参考依据.This study takes Boluo County basin of Guangdong Province as an example.Based on GIS and RS technology,the factors of the modified Universal Soil Loss Equation(RUSLE)were quantitatively analyzed and graded using meteorological data,soil data,DEM data,vegetation cover and land use data.The results show that:(1)In 2021,the average soil erosion modulus in Boluo County is 9721.24 t km^(-2) a^(-1),and the overall soil erosion is serious,with an annual erosion amount of 892.61×10^(-4) t,of which the severe soil erosion amount accounts for 54.70%of the total erosion amount;The area size of the six erosion intensity grades is micro>severe>mild>intensity>extreme intensity>moderate.(2)Shiwan Town and Yuanzhou Town belong to micro,while the soil erosion in Luofu Mountain,Yokogawa Town,Gongzhuang Town,Baitang Town and Taimei Town in the northwest and eastern and central mountainous and hilly areas is serious;(3)There is obvious positive correlation between soil erosion amount and slope gradient,and the average erosion modulus increases with each increasing grade,and the increasing range is larger;The area of forested land is 52.64%,and the proportion of soil erosion is 45.08%,while the proportion of bare land is only 0.45%,but the amount of soil erosion is 6.41%of the total amount of soil erosion,which belongs to the fierce erosion level;(4)The area of soil erosion is 26.78%and 24.57%in the area of vegetation coverage less than 20%and more than 65%,and the area of soil erosion under other vegetation coverage levels has little change;The area of soil erosion is 48.64%when the vegetation coverage is between 20%and 65%,but the proportion of total soil erosion is 81.23%.This equation is used to estimate soil erosion amount,and provides a reference for promoting dynamic accurate monitoring of soil erosion,evaluation of erosion factors,and subsequent soil and water conservation planning and engineering implementation in Boluo County.

关 键 词：博罗县 土壤流失方程 RUSLE模型 PIE-Basic6.0软件 空间分析 

分 类 号：K903[历史地理—人文地理学]