新建城区河道水环境生态治理实践研究  

Study on the practice of ecological management of river water environment in newly built urban area

作　　者：卢智灵 LU Zhi-ling(Shanghai Water Conservancy Management Center,Huangpu District,Shanghai 200002,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市水利管理事务中心,上海200002

出　　处：《环境生态学》2023年第12期127-134,共8页Environmental Ecology

摘　　要：为探究经典生物操纵理论在新建城区河道水环境生态治理的实践效果,本研究以上海市宝山区罗店大居为研究区域,人为对该区域河网水系中的9条典型河段进行水生态系统构建,对建设后的水质、生物群落变化、居民满意度等进行调查和分析,评价河道生态治理效果。结果显示,采用经典生物操纵理论,构建以“肉食性鱼类-大型枝角类-水生植物”为优势生物的水生态修复技术,对罗店大居治理河段水质、生态改善具有良好的效果。生态治理后,水体氨氮(NH_(3)-N)、总磷(TP)、高锰酸盐指数(COD_(Mn))等指标均能够维持在Ⅲ~Ⅳ类水,透明度维持在60~90 cm,沉水植物覆盖率达70%以上,浮游动物多样性和生物量明显增多;河道对NH_(3)-N、TP和COD_(Mn)的削减量分别达到245.88 kg/a、39.15 kg/a和488.25 kg/a;周边居民对河道治理效果较为满意。本研究河道实现了水环境治理的目标,研究成果对新建城区河道水环境生态治理具有重要的参考意义。In order to explore the practical effect of classical biomanipulation theory in the ecological management of river water environment in new urban areas,this study takes Luodian Daju in Baoshan District of Shanghai as the research area.The water ecosystem of 9 typical river sections in the river network system of this area was constructed artificially,and the water quality,biological community change and residents satisfaction after construction were investigated and analyzed to evaluate the effect of river ecological management.The results showed that the water ecological restoration technology with carnivorous fish-large cladocerans-aquatic plants as the dominant organisms was constructed by using the classical biological manipulation theory,which had a good effect on the water quality and ecological improvement of Luodian Daju River.After ecological treatment,the indexes of ammonia nitrogen,total phosphorus and permanganate index could be maintained atⅢ~Ⅳ,the transparency was maintained at 60~90 cm,the coverage rate of submerged plants was more than 70%,and the diversity and biomass of zooplankton were significantly increased;The reduction of ammonia nitrogen,total phosphorus and permanganate index reached 245.88 kg/a,39.15 kg/a and 488.25 kg/a,respectively;The surrounding residents were satisfied with the effect of river regulation.This study has achieved the goal of water environment management,and the research results have important reference significance for the ecological management of water environment in the new urban river.

关 键 词：新建城区河道 经典生物操纵 生态治理 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程] TV85[水利工程—水利水电工程]