长工时对三甲医院医务人员心理健康的影响  

A study on the impact of long working hours on the psychological health of medical personnel in third class hospitals

作　　者：全宁斌 王瑾[3] 王雨浩 荆茹 杨道宇 彭金碧 顾倚岑 韩宇浩 卢锦意 张昭 徐璐瑶 黄淑玲 苏晓舟[2] 李旭东 QUAN Ningbin;WANG Jin;WANG Yuhao;JIN Ru;YANG Daoyu;PENG Jinbi;GU Yicen;HAN Yuhao;LU Jingyi;ZHANG Zhao;XU Luyao;HUANG Shuling;SU Xiaozhou;LI Xudong(不详;School of Public Health,Southern Medical University,Guangzhou 510515,China;Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment,Guangdong Occupational Health Engineering Technology Research Center,Guangzhou 510300,China)

机构地区：[1]南方医科大学公共卫生学院,广州510515 [2]广东省职业病防治院,广东省职业健康工程技术研究中心,广州510300 [3]中国疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与中毒控制所,北京100050

出　　处：《实用医学杂志》2023年第24期3267-3274,共8页The Journal of Practical Medicine

基　　金：中国疾控中心职业卫生所职业健康风险评估与国家职业卫生标准制定(编号:131031109000160004);广州市基础研究计划项目(编号:202002030396);国家重点研发计划项目(编号:2022YFC2503205);西部绿色建筑国家重点实验室项目(编号:LSKF202313);广东省自然科学基金(编号:2023A1515011329);广东省职业健康工程技术研究中心建设项目(编号:D:2019A069)。

摘　　要：目的了解医务人员长工时暴露特征,分析长工时暴露对职业紧张、抑郁、疲劳蓄积、失眠等心理健康问题的影响。方法采用分层整群抽样方法,分别在广州市、珠海市、东莞市、汕头市、茂名市、河源市各抽取2家综合性三甲医院的医务人员作为研究对象,采用《职业紧张测量核心量表》等量表对其职业心理健康进行评估。结果医务人员平均每天的工作时间为(8.99±2.18)h;长工时暴露2094例,占比78.96%。二元logistics回归分析结果显示,在排除年龄等社会人口学因素的影响后,长工时(周工作时间大于40 h)是医务人员发生职业紧张、抑郁症状、疲劳蓄积的危险因素(P<0.01);且周工作时间越长,发生职业紧张、抑郁症状、疲劳蓄积的风险越高;周工作时间大于48 h是发生失眠的危险因素(P<0.01)。结论医务人员长工时暴露水平较高,长时间工作是引起职业紧张、抑郁、疲劳蓄积等心理健康问题的危险因素。Objective To understand the characteristics of long-working hours exposure of medical staff,and analyze the impact of long-working hours exposure on mental health problems such as occupational stress,depression,fatigue accumulation,and insomnia.Methods The cluster random sampling method was used to select the medical staff of 12 tertiary general hospitals in Guangdong Province as the research subjects,and the“Core Scale of Occupational Stress Measurement”and other scales were used to evaluate their occupational mental health.Results The average working hours of medical staff per day were(8.99±2.18)h;2,094 people were exposed during long working hours,accounting for 78.96%.The results of binary logistics regression analysis showed that after excluding the influence of sociodemographic factors such as age,long working hours(weekly working hours greater than 40 h)were the risk factors for occupational stress,depressive symptoms and fatigue accumulation of medical staff(P<0.01),and the longer the working week,the higher the risk of occupational stress,depressive symptoms and fatigue accumulation.Weekly working hours greater than 48 hours are risk factors for insomnia(P<0.01).Conclusion Long working hours are common among delivery workers on food delivery platforms,and long working hours are a risk factor for occupational tension and fatigue.

关 键 词：医务人员 长工时 职业紧张 抑郁 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]