清末循化厅藏族部落纠纷解决的社会过程——以同光朝卡加与隆哇、沙沟案为例  

Social Process of Dispute Settlement of Tibetan Tribes in Xunhua循化District in the Late Qing Dynasty:Take Kaja卡加and Longwa隆哇and Shagou沙沟Cases in the Tongzhi and Guangxu Dynasty as an Example

作　　者：张科[1] Zhang Ke

机构地区：[1]青海民族大学民族学与社会学学院,西宁市810007

出　　处：《民族研究》2023年第5期93-102,M0005,共11页Ethno-National Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金冷门绝学研究专项“清民国时期青海藏事司法档案整理与研究”(项目编号:20VJXG007)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：清同光朝循化厅卡加与隆哇、沙沟的部落诉讼纠纷,在乡老调处与官府压力下,以审判方式解决。其最后判决,以乡老评议为基础,由官府断结完成,实兼具合意与强制性质。这种判决在清末循化厅藏族部落纠纷解决中具有一定的代表性,是一种较为有效的纠纷解决方式。通过这一方式,清政府吸纳地方传统力量维持当地社会秩序,维护与建设王朝的正统性与权威性;地方传统力量借助官府权威行使社会政治权力,参与地方事务管理。国家与地方在这种互动中共同完成对地方秩序的整合。这一纠纷解决方式,实际上也反映了清王朝在边疆民族地区社会治理的特点。In the Qing dynasty,the tribal litigation dispute between Kaja and the Longwa and Shagou tribes in Xunhua District was settled by trial under the mediation of the village elders and pressure from the government.The judgement was based on the deliberations of the villagers and was judged and closed by the government,which was both consensual and coercive in nature.This kind of judgement is representative of Tibetan tribal dispute resolution in the late Qing Dynasty,and is a more effective way to resolve disputes.In this way,the Qing government absorbed local traditional forces to maintain local social order and build dynastic orthodoxy and authority;local traditional forces exercised social and political power through the authority of the government and participated in the management of local affairs.During the interaction,the state government and the local power worked together to integrate the local order,which was a local model of social governance by the Qing state in the frontier ethnic areas.

关 键 词：清末 藏族 循化厅 部落纠纷 社会过程 

分 类 号：D691.72[政治法律—政治学] K252[政治法律—中外政治制度]