Sen的可行能力视角下扶贫资金的减贫效应研究  

Research on the Poverty Reduction Effect of Poverty Alleviation Funds from the Perspective of Sen’s Feasible Capability

作　　者：翁辰 朱红根 陈杰[2] Weng Chen;Zhu Honggen;Chen Jie

机构地区：[1]南京财经大学金融学院 [2]南京财经大学经济学院

出　　处：《统计研究》2023年第11期108-122,共15页Statistical Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“精准扶贫背景下产业扶贫政策的福利效应、模式比较与瞄准机制研究”(71973061);江苏省教育科学“十四五”规划重点课题“相对贫困视角下基本公共教育服务均等化减贫效应的理论与政策研究”(B/2021/01/81);南京财经大学优秀创新团队项目“共同富裕背景下中等收入群体发展问题研究”(KYCTD202202)。

摘　　要：本文利用我国中西部地区5个省份10个原贫困县3301户建档立卡贫困户的微观调查数据,基于Sen的可行能力框架,从效率和公平视角考察扶贫资金的减贫效应及其机理。研究发现,第一,金融扶贫可以提升贫困户可行能力水平,并缓解其可行能力不平等;而财政扶贫则抑制了贫困户可行能力状况的改善。第二,相较于财政扶贫,金融扶贫更有利于人力资本相对缺乏、享受“低保”等待遇的群体可行能力状况的改善。第三,财政扶贫的“负向激励”作用抑制了贫困户对经济机会的利用,进而不利于其可行能力状况改善;金融扶贫虽“挤出”了贫困户对就业发展机会的利用,但得益于产业发展机会的“替代效应”,贫困户可行能力状况仍得到改善。进一步研究发现,“高财政-高金融”的财政金融协同减贫效果最优。本文研究结果对巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果、扎实推进共同富裕进程中财政与金融帮扶政策制定具有一定参考意义。Based on the micro-survey data of 3301 registered poor households in 10 former poverty-striken counties of 5 provinces in the central and western regions of China,this paper examines the poverty reduction effect of poverty alleviation funds and its mechanism from the perspective of efficiency and equity based on Sen’s feasible capability framework.We find that first,financial poverty alleviation not only promotes the improvement of the feasible ability of poor households,but also eases the inequality of their feasible ability.But fiscal poverty alleviation inhibits the improvement of the feasible ability of poor households.Second,compared with fiscal poverty alleviation,financial poverty alleviation is more conducive to improving the feasible ability of relatively disadvantaged groups who relatively lack human capital and benefit from“minimal insurance”and other benefits.Third,the“negative incentive”effect of fiscal poverty alleviation inhibits poor households’use of economic opportunities,thereby worsening their feasible capability.Although financial poverty alleviation“squeezes out”poor households’employment development opportunities,due to the“substitution effect”of industrial development opportunities,the feasible capability of poor households can still be improved.Further study shows that the“high fiscal,high financial”policy has the best effect in synergistic poverty reduction.The research results of this paper have certain reference significance for making fiscal and financial assistance policies in the process of consolidating and expanding the achievements of poverty alleviation and making solid process toward common prosperity.

关 键 词：财政扶贫 金融扶贫 减贫效应 可行能力 

分 类 号：F323.8[经济管理—产业经济]