主权原则在中国宪法中的展开  

Development of the Principle of Sovereignty in the Constitution of China

作　　者：王理万 Wang Liwan

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学人权研究院

出　　处：《中国法学》2023年第6期142-161,共20页China Legal Science

基　　金：022年度国家社科基金后期资助项目“当代中国外交体系的宪法秩序研究”(项目批准号:22FFXB003)的阶段性成果;中国政法大学钱端升杰出学者计划的支持。

摘　　要：主权概念用于描述政治共同体的内部关系时,强调主权的最高性;用于调整政治共同体之间关系时,推崇主权的独立性。这种内外双重面向在近代发展为人民主权和国家主权,二者同源同质并统一于宪法。宪法既是保障人民主权的根本法,也是捍卫国家主权的最高法,联结起主权的双重面向。主权原则深嵌于中国宪法制定和实施的全过程。《共同纲领》涵盖领土、政治、经济和文化等多层面的主权内涵,使主权原则成为新中国的立国原则。“五四宪法”以过渡时期总任务为体,以人民主权和国家主权为两翼,使得主权原则在宪法文本中得到系统展开与有效落实。现行宪法丰富和发展了主权原则,拓宽了主权的内容和形式,廓清了人民和国家概念的内涵。主权原则指明了建设“强大的人民民主国家”的宪法目标,要求积极发展全过程人民民主,坚定不移贯彻总体国家安全观。The concept of sovereignty has double meanings and developed into people's sovereignty and state sovereignty in modern times.These meanings share the same origin and are unified in the constitution.The constitution is not only the fundamental law that guarantees people's sovereignty,but also the supreme law that safeguards state sovereignty.It connects the double meanings of sovereignty.The principle of sovereignty is deeply embedded in the formulation and implementation of China's Constitution.The Common Program of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference covers multiple aspects of sovereignty,including territorial,political,economic,and cultural contents,making the principle of sovereignty the founding principle of the People's Republic of China.The 1954 Constitution of China takes the General Line for the Transition Period as the main body,with national sovereignty and people's sovereignty as the two wings,so that the principle of sovereignty can be systematically developed in the context of the constitution.The current Constitution has redeveloped the principle of sovereignty,which has broadened the content and approach of sovereignty,and has clarified the content of the state and the people.The principle of sovereignty specifies the constitutional goal of building a'strong democratic country for the people',and requires unswervingly implementing the holistic approach to national security and actively developing whole-process people's democracy.

关 键 词：人民主权 国家主权 全过程人民民主 总体国家安全观 

分 类 号：D921[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]