基质与营养液耦合对工业大麻扦插苗生长及产量的影响  

Effects of Coupling of Substrate and Nutrient Solution on the Growth and Yield of Industrial Hemp Cuttings

作　　者：胡楠[1] 窦金刚[1] 李振清 吴兴宏[1] 陈虹廷 杨桐珲 张东二 续延国 王晓慧[1] HU Nan;DOU Jingang;LI Zhenqing;WU Xinghong;CHEN Hongting;YANG Tonghui;ZHANG Donger;XU Yanguo;WANG Xiaohui(Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changchun 130033,Jilin,China;Comprehensive Service Center of Yongping Town,Fuyu City,Yongping 131213,Jilin,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林省农业科学院,吉林长春130033 [2]扶余市永平乡综合服务中心,吉林永平131213

出　　处：《中国麻业科学》2023年第6期272-280,共9页Plant Fiber Sciences in China

基　　金：吉林省农业科技创新工程国际合作项目(CXGC202103GH)。

摘　　要：为探究温室条件下工业大麻扦插苗栽培的最优基质和营养液配方,进而为工业大麻扦插苗规模化无土栽培提供理论依据。于2021年在长春市农业博览园温室下设置4种栽培基质(泥炭Z1、岩棉Z2、珍珠岩Z3和椰糠Z4)和3种营养液处理(M1、M2、M3),研究栽培基质种类和营养液配方对工业大麻扦插苗营养生长特性、基质温湿度及花叶产量的影响。结果表明,基质和营养液耦合对基质温度无显著影响,基质的湿度为泥炭>椰糠>珍珠岩>岩棉;椰糠+营养液1处理(Z4M1)的工业大麻扦插苗花叶产量、茎粗、植株干物质积累量及开花前后的干物质积累速率均最高。在营养生长期和成熟期,工业大麻扦插苗的干物质积累速率和分配比例均表现为根系最低,茎秆次之,叶片最高。成熟期的工业大麻扦插苗花叶产量与植株干物质积累量、叶绿素含量、叶片含氮量、株高、茎粗和分枝数呈极显著正相关,与土壤温度及土壤湿度无相关性。试验发现,椰糠+营养液1为工业大麻扦插苗温室栽培的最适基质和营养液组合。To explore the optimal substrate and nutrient solution formula for the cultivation of industrial hemp cuttings under greenhouse conditions,and provide a theoretical basis for large-scale soilless cultivation of industrial hemp cuttings,in 2021,4 kinds of cultivation media(peat Z1,rock wool Z2,perlite Z3 and coconut bran Z4)and 3 kinds of nutrient solution treatment(M1,M2,M3)were set in the greenhouse of Changchun Agricultural Expo Park for experiments.The effects of substrate types and nutrient solution formulation on the nutrient growth characteristics,substrate temperature and humidity,and the yield of flowers and leaves of industrial hemp cuttings were studied.The results showed that the coupling of substrate and nutrient solution had no significant effect on substrate temperature,and the humidity of substrate was peat>coconut bran>perlite>rock wool.The yields of flowers and leaves,stem diameter,plant dry matter accumulation and dry matter accumulation rate before and after flowering were the highest in the treatment of coconut bran+nutrient solution 1(Z4M1)of industrial hemp cuttings,During the rapid growth period and maturity period,the dry matter accumulation rate and distribution ratio of industrial hemp cuttings were the lowest in roots,the second in stems,and the highest in leaves.At the mature stage,the yields of flowers and leaves of industrial hemp were significantly positively correlated with dry matter accumulation,chlorophyll content,leaf nitrogen content,plant height,stem diameter and branch number.It has no correlation with soil temperature and soil moisture.Taken together,it was found that coconut bran+nutrient solution 1 is the most suitable substrate and nutrient solution combination for the cultivation of industrial hemp cuttings in greenhouse.

关 键 词：工业大麻 基质 营养液 生长发育 产量 

分 类 号：S563[农业科学—作物学]