火焰法制备CNTs基复合材料及其应用研究进展  

Progress of flame synthesis of carbon nanotubes based composites and their practical applications

作　　者：张帅国 马文媛 赵海鹏 冯宇[2] 蔡旭萍 杨士祥 钱新月 米杰[2] ZHANG Shuaiguo;MA Wenyuan;ZHAO Haipeng;FENG Yu;CAI Xuping;YANG Shixiang;QIAN Xinyue;MI Jie(College of Material and Chemical Engineering,Henan University of Urban Construction,Pingdingshan 467000,Henan,China;Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology of Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030002,Shanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]河南城建学院材料与化工学院,河南平顶山467000 [2]太原理工大学省部共建煤基能源清洁高效利用国家重点实验室,山西太原030002

出　　处：《化工进展》2023年第12期6409-6418,共10页Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress

基　　金：河南省科技攻关计划(232102231031);河南省高校大学生创新创业训练计划(202211765029)。

摘　　要：火焰法制备CNTs及其复合材料具有可连续操作、成本低廉等优势,是一种极具应用潜力的制备技术。然而,火焰环境的复杂性造成产品结构和组成难以精确控制,在实际应用时不利于产品性能的调控和提升。本文首先介绍了火焰法的基本构型(扩散火焰和预混合火焰),并结合燃料、催化剂和制备CNTs的结构说明了不同火焰法工艺的特点。随后简要说明了火焰环境中CNTs生长的一般过程,即吸附-扩散-沉积过程,结合这一基本过程介绍了顶部/底部生长机理、颗粒接触生长机理和异形(螺旋状、竹节状、空心/实心结构、分支结构等)CNTs的生长机理。在全面总结火焰法制备CNTs基复合材料在储能、催化、光热转化等领域应用的基础上,指出现有火焰法制备工艺存在可控性差、产品组成复杂等问题,在实际应用时不利于相关性能的调控。在未来研究中,持续改进和优化火焰法工艺,如采用混合式制备工艺或构建分段式燃烧器构型,对于提高工艺过程可控性并实现产品组成和结构的调控具有积极作用。Flame synthesis of carbon nanotubes(CNTs)and related composites possesses the merits of continuous operation with low-cost,which shows great potential for practical application.However,the physical and chemical environments of flame are complex.Therefore,the as-obtained product exhibits unmanageable structure and composition.In this work,the basic configuration of premixed flame and diffusion is firstly presented.On this basis,the features of flame synthesis in terms of fuel type,catalyst and characteristics of CNTs are summarized.Secondly,the general growth mechanism of CNTs in flame environment is introduced.Furthermore,specific growth models of CNTs in flame environment,including tip growth mode,base growth mode,interacting particle model and reasonable growth mode for branch,welded,and spiral structures are discussed.Finally,practical application of flame synthesized CNTs based composites in areas of energy storage,catalyst and so forth,are summarized.However,the drawbacks,such as poor controllability of flame process and complex product composition are still existed,which is unfavorable for performance regulation.In future,continuous optimization of flame process is needed.Adopting hybrid preparation process or constructing segmental burner configuration will play a positive role in improving process controllability and finally realizing the refinement regulation of product.

关 键 词：催化 纳米材料 火焰法 制备 碳纳米管 

分 类 号：TQ3[化学工程]