东亚安全秩序变迁与中国的地区战略选择  

Security Order Transition in East Asia and China’s Regional Strategic Choices

作　　者：吴琳 WU Lin

机构地区：[1]外交学院亚洲研究所,北京100037

出　　处：《国际展望》2024年第1期97-114,160,161,共20页Global Review

基　　金：北京市社会科学基金青年学术带头人项目“秩序转换与中国的亚洲区域合作新战略研究”(21DTR020)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：冷战结束后,东亚安全秩序经历了一个不断变迁的过程。从美国强化日美同盟,牢牢掌握地区安全主导权的霸权秩序;转变为美国联盟体系依然占主导地位,但同时允许东亚地区合作兼容发展的复合秩序;再到2017年以来美国联盟体系转型且不断冲击东亚地区安全合作,从而形成竞争秩序。中国是东亚安全秩序变迁的直接推动者,通过管理中美关系,推动国际权力和平转移,重建地区国家政治信任,以新经济关系促进新安全关系,以及和平解决争端,塑造地区安全的多边治理框架,中国逐渐从权力、关系和治理三个维度建构自身的地区角色和地区战略。为了防止竞争性安全秩序进一步向对抗和冲突方向演变,中国应以维护地区秩序稳定为首要目标,在保持自身战略可持续发展的基础上,推动新安全格局的构建,并聚焦全球安全倡议的重点合作领域,拓展地区公共产品供给的方式和路径,为推动东亚地区从竞争性秩序向包容性秩序的变迁而创造条件、积蓄能量。Since the end of the Cold War,the security order in East Asia has undergone three phases of transformation.It shifted from a hegemonic order characterized by the strengthening of the Japan-U.S.alliance and the firm control of regional security leadership by the United States to a composite order where East Asian cooperation thrived.This composite order allowed the U.S.alliance system to maintain dominance while simultaneously permitting the compatible development of East Asian cooperation.The latest transition,observed since 2017,involves the transformation of the U.S.alliance system,impacting the competitive order of East Asian cooperation.China has played a direct role in shaping the shifts in East Asian security order.By managing China-U.S.relations,orchestrating a peaceful power shift,fostering regional political trust,constructing new economic relations to drive new security dynamics, and facilitating the peaceful resolution of disputes while shaping multilateral governance for regional security, China has gradually established its regional role and strategy across the dimensions of power, relations, and governance. To prevent the further slide of the competitive security order toward confrontation and conflict, China should prioritize the fundamental objective of reconstructing order stability. While maintaining its strategic sustainability, China should enhance the development of a new security framework and concentrate on key cooperation directions within the Global Security Initiative (GSI). It is crucial to innovate and provide regional public goods, thereby accumulating momentum for the long-term vision of transitioning East Asia from a competitive order to an inclusive one.

关 键 词：东亚安全秩序 美国联盟体系 东亚地区合作 全球安全倡议 

分 类 号：D822.331[政治法律—政治学]