“边缘国家”何以成功塑造国际规范?——基于拉美国家经验的分析  

How Can Periphery Countries Successfully Shape International Norms: An Analysis Based on the Latin American Countries’ Experience

作　　者：董青青 DONG Qingqing

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院大学国际政治经济学院,北京102488

出　　处：《国际展望》2024年第1期136-156,162,共22页Global Review

摘　　要：当代国际秩序主要由在国际体系中占据中心地位的美欧国家主导和塑造。但是,处于边缘地带的国家并非完全是西方规范的接受者,其也主动参与国际规范秩序的塑造。本文通过明晰规范塑造中的道义逻辑和权力逻辑,探究“边缘国家”成功塑造国际规范的条件,并具体考察作为典型“边缘国家”的拉美国家参与塑造可持续发展目标规范、粮食主权规范以及毒品治理规范的案例,回答弱势方如何成功倡导规范并参与国际秩序塑造。研究发现,“边缘国家”能否提出与广大发展中国家产生共鸣的规范内容,并激活规范的道义逻辑,对于国际规范的形成具有决定性作用。“中心国家”的态度对国际规范效力的强弱具有调节性作用。“边缘国家”也可在国际组织中积极推动规则创新,借助学习机制促使“中心国家”改变其既有理念。The contemporary international order is predominantly shaped by core countries in the international system,such as the United States and European nations.Countries located at the periphery are not merely recipients of Western norms;they actively participate in shaping the international normative order.This study examines the moral and power logics within their norm-shaping paths to explore the conditions under which peripheral countries can successfully shape international norms.The analysis focuses on cases of Latin American countries,as typical peripheral nations,participating in shaping norms related to sustainable development goals,food sovereignty,and drug governance.It aims to answer how weaker actors successfully advocate norms and engage in shaping the international order.For periphery countries,the ability to activate the moral logic of norms and propose normative content resonating with a broader group of developing countries plays a decisive role in the formation of international norms.The attitude of core countries has a regulatory effect on the strength of international norms.Peripheral countries can use learning mechanisms,actively engaging in rule innovation within international organizations,to drive a shift in the existing ideologies of core countries.

关 键 词：国际秩序 规范塑造 边缘国家 拉美国家外交 

分 类 号：D81[政治法律—国际关系]