塞曼效应实验之虚拟仿真与电脑辅助对比分析  

Comparative Analysis of Virtual Simulation and Computer Aided Experiments of Zeeman Effect

作　　者：雷前召[1] 李芳菊[1] 郭蕾 安博[1] LEI Qianzhao;LI Fangju;GUO Lei;AN Bo(School of Physics and Electrical Engineering,Weinan Normal University,Weinan 714099,China)

机构地区：[1]渭南师范学院物理与电气工程学院,陕西渭南714099

出　　处：《大学物理实验》2024年第1期99-103,127,共6页Physical Experiment of College

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2023-JC-YB-511);渭南师范学院横向科研项目(2021HXXM292,2023HX127)。

摘　　要：塞曼效应实验通过测量汞绿光在磁场中分裂谱线的波长差计算电子的荷质比。电脑辅助版塞曼效应实验利用CCD图像采集卡将法布里-珀罗标准具等倾干涉图像采集到电脑,再利用塞曼效应实验分析软件对图像进行处理,测出光分裂的谱线波长差,计算出电子荷质比。虚拟仿真型塞曼效应实验则是利用科大奥锐提供的虚拟仿真实验系统,从实验仪器的摆放、调试到测量及数据处理,实现对塞曼效应实验的全程模拟仿真。电脑辅助版塞曼效应实验克服了过去手工测量的诸多缺陷,但并没有解决所有不足,还带来一些新问题。塞曼效应虚拟仿真实验几乎解决了传统塞曼效应实验所遇到的所有问题,只要必要的步骤操作到位,就可以得到理想的实验结果。通过研究分析,深刻认识到两种实验方式相互不能完全替代,但可以作为有益补充。Zeeman effect experiment(ZEE),the electron charge-mass ratio was calculated by measuring the wavelength differences of the split mercury-green spectral lines in a magnetic field.In the computer-aided Zeeman effect experiment(ZEE),the Fabry-Perot etalon(F-P)isoclinic interference image was collected to the computer by using CCD image acquisition card;and then by using the ZEE analysis software,the image was processed,the wavelength differences of the split light spectral lines were measured,the electron charge-mass ratio was calculated.In the virtual simulation ZEE,the whole process simulation of ZEE,from instruments placing,debugging,to the measuring and data processing,was realized with the help of the virtual simulation experiment system provided by Keda Aorui Science and Technology Ltd.The computer-aided ZEE overcomes many shortcomings of manual measurement in the past,but it has not solved all the defects and brings some new problems.The virtual simulation edition of ZEE has almost solved all the problems encountered in the traditional ZEE.As long as the necessary steps are in place,ideal experimental results can be obtained.Through the research and analysis,it is deeply recognized that the two experimental methods cannot completely replace each other,but can serve as beneficial supplements.

关 键 词：塞曼效应实验 电脑辅助 虚拟仿真 等倾干涉 CCD图像采集 荷质比 

分 类 号：O433[机械工程—光学工程] O4-39[理学—光学]