从绝响到转型:近现代“文法”概念与“文法学”  

From Last Sound to Transformation: Modern Concept of“Wen Fa” and “Grammar Subject”

作　　者：谢文惠 XIE Wenhui(School of Chinese Classics,Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine,Guangzhou,China 510006)

机构地区：[1]广州中医药大学国学院,广东广州510006

出　　处：《温州大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第6期69-78,共10页Journal of Wenzhou University：Social Science Edition

基　　金：教育部人文社科研究基金项目(23YJC751035);广州中医药大学人文社会科学培育项目(2023YBPY17)。

摘　　要：“文法”从古代传统的文章作法这一内涵演变至近现代汉语语法的一个术语,无不与晚清至“五四”时期的社会危机、西学东渐、文体变革等相关。晚清古文大家的努力,虽在一定程度上推迟了古文的谢幕,但始终无法挽回古文文法退隐的结局。近现代西学的冲击更是加速了“文法”概念的转型,白话文取代文言文并成为“国语”之后,指向语法的“文法”内涵趋于定型,并引导了汉语文法学科的确立。追溯中国古代至近现代“文法”的发生、发展和转型轨迹,对把握“文法”的文章技法、语词文法的双重概念十分重要。The concept of“Wen Fa”has evolved from the connotation of ancient traditional article practice to the concept of modern Chinese grammar.This evolution is closely related to the social crisis,the eastward spread of western learning,and the stylistic reform during the late Qing Dynasty to the May Fourth Movement.Although the efforts of the ancient Chinese prose masters in the late Qing Dynasty delayed the curtain call of the ancient Chinese prose to a certain extent,they were unable to retrieve the eventual decline of the ancient Chinese grammar.The impact of modern Western learning accelerated the transformation of the concept of“Wen Fa”.After vernacular Chinese replaced classical Chinese and became the“Mandarin language”,the connotation of“Wen Fa”as grammar tended to be finalized,and guided the establishment of the Chinese grammar subject.To trace the occurrence,development and transformation trajectory of“Wen Fa”from ancient China to modern times is crucial for understanding the dual concepts of“Wen Fa”in terms of writing techniques and language grammar.

关 键 词：“文法”概念 近现代转型 文法学科 

分 类 号：H1-09[语言文字—汉语]