甘蔗3个育种性状与SSR标记的关联分析及优异等位变异发掘  

Association analysis of three breeding traits with SSR markers and exploration of elite alleles in sugarcane

作　　者：田春艳 边芯[1,2] 郎荣斌 俞华先[1,2] 桃联安 安汝东[1,2] 董立华 张钰[1,2] 经艳芬 TIAN Chun-Yan;BIAN Xin;LANG Rong-Bin;YU Hua-Xian;TAO Lian-An;AN Ru-Dong;DONG Li-Hua;ZHANG Yu;JING Yan-Fen(Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement,Kaiyuan 661699,Yunnan,China;Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,China(Yunnan),Kaiyuan 661699,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所/云南省甘蔗遗传改良重点实验室,云南开远661699 [2]农业农村部甘蔗生物学与遗传育种重点实验室(云南),云南开远661699

出　　处：《作物学报》2024年第2期310-324,共15页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：云南省种子种业联合实验室项目(202205AR070001-09);国家自然科学基金项目(31860406);云南省基础研究面上项目(2019FB053)资助。

摘　　要：株高、茎径和锤度是甘蔗产量和蔗糖分两大育种目标的主要构成因子,鉴定与其相关的分子标记、发掘优异等位变异及典型载体材料,可为甘蔗分子标记辅助育种提供依据。本试验以62份甘蔗种质资源为材料,于成熟期调查4个种植环境条件下甘蔗株高、茎径和锤度3个育种性状,对表型数据进行方差和遗传变异分析,并基于37对SSR标记的分子数据,利用MLM方法进行关联分析,鉴定出优异关联标记并进行表型效应解析,发掘优异等位变异及载体材料。结果表明,基因型、种植环境及其两者互作对株高、茎径和锤度具有极显著影响。3个性状的广义遗传力范围为0.68~0.76,说明具有较稳定的遗传特性,其表现型主要由基因型决定。表型数据统计分析表明, 3个性状均呈现出数量性状的正态分布特征,变异系数范围为6.73%~19.89%,具有较丰富的表型变异。37对SSR引物共检测到204个等位变异,平均每对扩增到5.5135个,基因多样性平均值为0.6779,PIC平均值为0.6252,高度多态性标记(PIC>0.5)占总量的89.19%。群体结构分析表明该群体可分为3个亚群。基于MLM模型,共检测到与株高、茎径和锤度相关的标记20个,表型变异解释率为5.04%~27.98%。其中7个标记在2个及以上环境中均检测到认为是优异关联标记,经表型效应解析共鉴定出8个具有增效效应的优异等位变异及携带优异等位变异的典型载体材料10份。该研究结果对甘蔗产量和糖分性状候选基因挖掘和杂交组合亲本选配具有重要指导意义。Cane yield and sucrose content are the two main breeding objectives in sugarcane,and plant height,stem diameter,and brix are major constituent factors of cane yield and sucrose.Identification of associated molecular markers and exploring elite alleles with yield and sucrose traits could provide a theoretical basis and reference for marker assisted breeding of sugarcane.In this study,62 sugarcane germplasm entries were used as the experimental materials.Three breeding traits,including plant height,stem diameter,and brix were investigated under four planting environments at maturity stage.ANOVA,genetic variation analysis and association analysis between the identified from related markers for further allele effect analysis.The result of ANOVA revealed that genotype,planting environment and their interaction had significant effect on plant height,stem diameter and brix in sugarcane.The broad-sense heritability of the three traits ranged from 0.68 to 0.76,indicating that they had stable genetic characteristics and their phenotype was mainly determined by its genotype.The frequency of these three traits showed typical quantitative traits with normal distribution characteristics.The coefficients of variation of the three traits ranged from 6.73%to 19.89%,suggesting a rich variation in phenotypes.A total of 204 alleles were found with a mean of 5.5135 per marker.The average gene diversity coefficient was 0.6779,and the average PIC value was 0.6252.The 89.19%of total markers were highly polymorphic with PIC>0.5.Population structure analysis revealed that the tested group could be divided into three subgroups.A total of 20 markers were detected associated with plant height,stem diameter,and brix traits based on MLM method,which explained 5.04%–27.98%of phenotypic variation.Seven of them detected in two or more planting environments were considered as elite markers,8 alleles with positive effect were identified and considered as the elite alleles,and 10 typical materials were found carrying these elite alleles by allele

关 键 词：甘蔗 育种性状 SSR 关联分析 优异等位变异 等位变异效应 

分 类 号：S566.1[农业科学—作物学]