基于人机工程学原则的地震公共标志有效性评估与建议  

Research on the Effectiveness of Earthquake Public Signs Based on Ergonomic Principles

作　　者：彭麦福[1] 王慧彦[1] 刘晓岚[1] Peng Maifu;Wang Huiyan;Liu Xiaolan(Institute of Disaster Prevention Science and Technology,Sanhe 065201,Hebei,China)

机构地区：[1]防灾科技学院,河北三河065201

出　　处：《中国地震》2023年第4期751-760,共10页Earthquake Research in China

基　　金：廊坊市科学技术研究与发展计划项目(2022013092);中国地震局重大政策理论与实践问题研究课题(CEAZY2022JZ10);中央高校基本科研业务费项目(ZY20180117)共同资助。

摘　　要：基于标志的人机工程学原则,对GB/T24362-2009中地震公共信息图形标志的有效性进行测试评估,结合理解率、熟悉度、物理相符性、概念相符性的测试数据,评估本标准中的标志符号是否符合国际标准化组织(ISO)评估标准,重点分析该标准中高理解率标志和低理解率标志的影响因素,探讨物理相符性、概念相符性和熟悉度影响标志理解率(P<0.001)的机制机理。通过对测试数据的研究发现,物理相符性和熟悉度是影响标志理解率的最大因素,进而得出提升标志的有效性首先要提高标志图形的物理相符性、概念相符性和熟悉度的结论。最后结合人机工程学原则对GB/T24362-2009中的部分理解率较低的标志进行分析,提出了具体的改良设计建议。Based on the ergonomic principles of the signs,we test and evaluate the effectiveness of GB/T24362-2009 seismic public information graphic signs in this paper.Combining the test data of comprehension rate,familiarity,physical conformity,and conceptual conformity,we evaluate whether the sign symbols in this standard follow the International Organization for Standardization(ISO)assessment standards.We focus on the influencing factors of the high and low comprehension rates of the signs in this standard,and explore the mechanisms by which physical conformity,conceptual conformity,and familiarity affect the sign comprehension rate(P<0.001).The results of test data revealed that physical conformity and familiarity were the critical factors affecting sign comprehension rates.We concluded that the physical conformity,conceptual conformity,and familiarity of logo graphics should be improved first to enhance the effectiveness of the logo.Finally,some of the signs in GB/T24362-2009 with low comprehension rates were analyzed with ergonomic principles,and specific suggestions for improved design were put forward.

关 键 词：人机工程学 地震公共信息 标志设计 有效性 GB/T24362—2009 

分 类 号：P315[天文地球—地震学]