50份无花果种质资源遗传多样性分析及DNA指纹图谱构建  

Genetic diversity analysis and construction of DNA fingerprints for 50 fig germplasm resources

作　　者：卢立媛 阮树安[1] 杨伟聪 刘晗琪 刘振盼[1] 张永华[1] 孙阳[1] LU Liyuan;RUAN Shu’an;YANG Weicong;LIU Hanqi;LIU Zhenpan;ZHANG Yonghua;SUN Yang(Liaoning Economic Forest Research Institute,Dalian 116031)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省经济林研究所,大连116031

出　　处：《中国果树》2024年第1期45-51,共7页China Fruits

基　　金：辽宁省农业科学院农业绿色高质量发展科技创新专项(2021HQ1911)。

摘　　要：为探究国内外无花果遗传多样性并对种质资源进行鉴定,利用15对SSR分子标记引物对50份无花果种质资源从DNA水平上进行遗传多样性分析,并构建DNA指纹图谱。结果表明,15对SSR引物在50份无花果种质资源中共扩增出67个等位基因,等位基因数范围为2~8个,观测杂合度(Ho)和期望杂合度(He)平均值分别为0.5947和0.5703,Shannon’s多态性信息指数(I)平均值为1.0452,多态性信息含量指数(PIC)变化范围为0.2411~0.7353,平均为0.5101,表明无花果种质资源具有丰富的遗传多样性。50份无花果种质资源之间的遗传距离为0~0.68,平均为0.39,与其他种质资源遗传距离最大的为哈代。基于SSR分子标记结果,利用UPGMA方法对50份无花果种质资源进行聚类分析,根据遗传距离可将50份无花果种质资源分为四大类,第Ⅰ类为哈代,第Ⅱ类为斯特拉,第Ⅲ类为梦幻甜蜜,其余无花果种质资源划归为第Ⅳ类。构建了26份无花果种质资源的SSR指纹图谱,可用于品种鉴定,以期为无花果分子辅助育种提供科学依据。In order to explore the genetic diversity of domestic and foreign fig germplasm resources,reveal the genetic variation of fig and identify the germplasm resources,15 pairs of SSR primers were used to analyze the genetic diversity of 50 fig germplasm resources at the DNA level and construct DNA fingerprints.The results showed that a total of 67 alleles were amplified from 50 fig germplasm resources by 15 pairs of SSR primers,and the number of alleles ranged from 2 to 8.The average values of observed heterozygosity(Ho)and expected heterozygosity(He)were 0.5947 and 0.5703,respectively.The average values of Shannon’s polymorphism information index(I)was 1.0452.The polymorphism information content index(PIC)ranged from 0.2411 to 0.7353,with an average of 0.5101,indicating that fig germplasm resources had rich genetic diversity.The genetic distance between 50 fig germplasm resources ranged from 0 to 0.68,with an average of 0.39,and the variety with the largest genetic distance from the other germplasm resources was‘Hardy Chicago’.Based on the results of identity of SSR molecular markers,50 fig germplasm resources were cluster analyzed by UPGMA method.According to genetic distance,50 fig germplasm resources could be divided into four categories.ClassⅠwas‘Hardy Chicago’,ClassⅡwas‘Stella’,ClassⅢwas‘Israel Short Branch’,and the remaining fig germplasm resources were classified as ClassⅣ.SSR fingerprints of 26 fig germplasm resources were constructed,which could be used for variety identification.This study provided scientific basis for fig molecular marker-assisted breeding.

关 键 词：无花果 SSR 遗传多样性 聚类分析 DNA指纹图谱 

分 类 号：S663.3[农业科学—果树学]