基于VR与社会力模型的地铁车站火灾疏散路径仿真及布局优化  

Simulation and layout optimization of evacuation path in subway station fire based on VR and social force model

作　　者：夏侯遐迩 游弋 颜紫璇 XIAHOU Xiaer;YOU Yi;YAN Zixuan(School of Civil Engineering,Southeast University,Nanjing Jiangsu 211189,China)

机构地区：[1]东南大学土木工程学院,江苏南京211189

出　　处：《中国安全生产科学技术》2023年第12期39-45,共7页Journal of Safety Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(72101054);教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“城市地下基础设施运维期公共安全韧性动态评估与提升”(20YJCZH182);东南大学“至善青年学者”支持计划资助项目(2242023R40040)。

摘　　要：为模拟地铁车站火灾情况下的乘客疏散情况,提高地铁车站火灾疏散效率,提出利用VR与社会力模型进行仿真优化的方案。通过问卷与VR实验探究乘客微观行为特征,并将其微观行为特征通过数值形式导入Anylogic,实现微观与宏观层面相结合的人群仿真。研究结果表明:现有车站方案模拟总疏散时间为412 s,不符合规范要求;经优化后,总疏散时间缩短68 s,使该站在大客流情况下满足规范要求。研究结果可为乘客的个体疏散行为提供指导性建议,为车站应对未来的客流激增提供设计优化思路。In order to simulate the evacuation of passengers in the case of subway station fire and improve the evacuation efficiency of subway station fire,a scheme of simulation and optimization using VR and social force model was proposed.Through the questionnaire and VR experiment,the microscopic behavior characteristics of passengers were explored,and the microscopic behavior characteristics were introduced into Anylogic through numerical form to realize the crowd simulation combining micro and macro levels.The results show that the simulated evacuation time of the existing station scheme is 412 s,which does not meet the requirements of the specification.After optimization,the total time is shortened by 68 s,so that the station can meet the specification requirements in the case of large passenger flow.The research results can provide guidance for the individual evacuation behavior of passengers,and provide design optimization ideas for the station to cope with the surge of passenger flow in the future.

关 键 词：地铁车站火灾 VR虚拟现实 社会力模型 微观行为 宏观模拟 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学] X951