阅览区布局对图书馆紧急疏散效率的影响  

Influence of layout of reading area on efficiency of emergency evacuation in libraries

作　　者：凌薇[1,2] 张芷薇 杨遵挥 刘佳茜 魏鑫 LING Wei;ZHANG Zhiwei;YANG Zunhui;LIU Jiaxi;WEI Xin(School of Architecture,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin Heilongjiang 150006,China;Key Laboratory of Cold Region Urban and Rural Human Settlement Environment Science and Technology,Ministry of Industry and Information Technology,Harbin Heilongjiang 150006,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学建筑学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150006 [2]寒地城乡人居环境科学与技术工业和信息化部重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150006

出　　处：《中国安全生产科学技术》2023年第12期149-155,共7页Journal of Safety Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51978190);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(51808159);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFE0105700);黑龙江省教育科学“十四五”规划2021年度重点课题项目(GJB1421041)。

摘　　要：为探究阅览区布局对图书馆紧急疏散效率的影响,以某高校图书馆为研究对象,通过K均值聚类算法提取高校图书馆典型布局,利用AnyLogic软件建立图书馆紧急疏散模型,定量分析桌椅间距和阅览区到紧急出口距离对图书馆紧急疏散效率的影响。研究结果表明:适宜的家具间距和阅览区到紧急出口的距离有利于提高图书馆紧急疏散效率。桌椅的间距和阅览区到紧急出口距离的增加有利于减少拥堵,缩短疏散时间。当阅览区到紧急出口距离、桌椅前后间距和桌椅左右间距的比率满足3.0∶2.5∶1.0时,图书馆紧急疏散效率最优。研究结果可为优化图书馆阅览区布局和紧急安全管理提供参考。To investigate the influence of the layout of reading area on the emergency evacuation efficiency of libraries,taking the university libraries as the research object,the typical layout of university libraries was extracted through K-mean clustering algorithm.An emergency evacuation model of the library was established by using the AnyLogic software,and the influence of the spacing between tables and chairs and the distance from reading area to emergency exits on the emergency evacuation efficiency of libraries was analyzed quantitatively.The results show that the appropriate furniture spacing and distance from reading area to emergency exits are advantageous in improving the emergency evacuation efficiency of libraries.Increasing the spacing between tables and chairs and the distance from reading area to emergency exits help reduce the congestion and shortened the evacuation time.The optimal emergency evacuation efficiency of the library is achieved when the ratio between the distance from reading area to emergency exits,the front-back spacing of tables and chairs,and the left-right spacing of tables and chairs is 3.0∶2.5∶1.0.The results can provide a reference for optimizing the layout of reading areas in libraries and the emergency safety management.

关 键 词：图书馆 紧急疏散 阅览区布局 家具 

分 类 号：X913.4[环境科学与工程—安全科学]