桃褐腐病菌Monilia yunnanensis生防细菌筛选及其拮抗机制解析  

Screening of biocontrol bacteria against peach brown rot pathogen Monilia yunnanensis and analysis of its antagonistic mechanism

作　　者：韩凯迪 刘佳 张树武 徐秉良 吕世民 翟一凡 汪洁 HAN Kaidi;LIU Jia;ZHANG Shuwu;XU Bingliang;LÜShimin;ZHAI Yifan;WANG Jie(College of Plant Protection,Gansu Agricultural University,Engineering Laboratory for Biological Control of Crop Diseases and Pests,Gansu Province,Lanzhou 730070)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学植物保护学院,甘肃省农作物病虫害生物防治工程实验室,兰州730070

出　　处：《中国果树》2023年第10期89-94,共6页China Fruits

基　　金：甘肃农业大学“伏羲杰出人才培育计划”项目(Gaufx-03J03);陇原青年创新创业人才项目(LYRC2019-35)。

摘　　要：为明确和揭示生防细菌对桃褐腐病菌Monilia yunnanensis的拮抗作用及机制。通过对峙培养、抑菌活性测定、病原菌形态观察、菌丝损伤程度测定、细胞壁降解酶活性和离体防治效果测定,筛选了桃褐腐病菌生防细菌及解析了其拮抗机制。结果表明,筛选获得1株对云南丛梗孢菌具有显著拮抗作用的枯草芽孢杆菌BS-1208,对峙培养5d时其对云南丛梗孢菌生长抑制率为73.29%,并且可造成云南丛梗孢菌菌丝扭曲、膨大和缢缩等。不同稀释倍数枯草芽孢杆菌BS-1208发酵液对云南丛梗孢菌生长抑制率存在显著差异,尤其当稀释10倍时对病菌的生长抑制率为71.16%,并且其处理病菌12h后相对电导率为69.89%,离体接种72h后其对褐腐病的防治效果为80.07%。同时,枯草芽孢杆菌BS-1208发酵液对云南丛梗孢菌细胞壁降解酶活性具有显著影响,当其稀释10倍时,云南丛梗孢菌外切葡聚糖酶(Cx)、β-葡萄糖苷酶、多聚半乳糖醛酸酶(PG)、聚甲基半乳糖醛酸酶(PMG)活性分别较对照降低74.16%、58.85%、71.75%、74.26%;离体接种72h后其对Cx、β-葡萄糖苷酶、PG和PMG活性与对照相比分别降低41.70%、36.92%、42.94%、38.54%。To clarify and reveal the antagonistic action and mechanism of biocontrol bacteria against Monilia yunnanensis.Through confrontation training,bacteriostatic activity determination,pathogen morphology observation and the measurement of hyphae damage degree and effect of prevention and control of the cell wall degradation enzymes and in vitro determination,screened peach brown rot pathogen bio-control bacteria and its mechanism of antagonism.The results showed that a strain of BacillussubtilisBS-1208 with significant antagonistic effect against M.yunnanensiswas obtained.After 5 days of confrontation culture,the growth inhibition rate of BS-1208 against M.yunnanensiswas 73.29%,and it could cause the distortion,enlargement and constriction of the mycelia of M.yunnanensis.There were significant differences in the growth inhibition rate of B.subtilisBS-1208 fermentation broth with different dilution ratios,especially when the dilution ratio was 10,the growth inhibition rate of the pathogen was 71.16%,and the relative conductivity of the pathogen was 69.89%after 12 h of treatment.After inoculated in vitro for 72 h,the control effect was 80.07%.At the same time,B.subtilisBS-1208 fermentation liquid had a significant effect on the activity of cell wall degrading enzyme of M.yunnanensis.When it was diluted 10 times,the activities of exoglucanase(Cx),β-glucosidase,polygalacturonase(PG)and polymethylgalacturonase(PMG)were decreased by 74.16%,58.85%,71.75%and 74.26%,respectively;The activities of Cx,β-glucosidase,PG and PMG decreased by 41.70%,36.92%,42.94%and 38.54%,respectively,compared with the control at 72 h after inoculation.

关 键 词：桃褐腐病 云南丛梗孢菌 芽孢杆菌 生物防治 

分 类 号：S436.621[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]