不同负载量对金陵黄露桃产量和果实品质的影响  

Effects of crop load on yield and fruit quality of‘Jinlinghuanglu’peach

作　　者：张斌斌[1] 王晓俊 陈鸿 张圆圆 孙朦 郭绍雷 俞明亮[1] 马瑞娟[1] ZHANG Binbin;WANG Xiaojun;CHEN Hong;ZHANG Yuanyuan;SUN Meng;GUO Shaolei;YU Mingliang;MA Ruijuan(Institute of Pomology,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement,Nanjing,210014;College of Horticulture,Nanjing Agricultural University)

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院果树研究所,江苏省高效园艺作物遗传改良重点实验室,南京210014 [2]南京农业大学园艺学院

出　　处：《中国果树》2023年第12期30-34,共5页China Fruits

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部:现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-30);江苏省现代农业产业技术体系建设项目(JATS[2021]425、JATS[2022]426)。

摘　　要：为探讨不同负载量对桃产量和果实品质的影响,以自然开心形树形的金陵黄露桃为试材进行了连续3年的试验。试验采用随机区组设计,设4个处理:T1,留果约150个/株;T2,留果约250个/株;T3,留果约300个/株;T4,留果约350个/株,单株重复,每处理重复6次。结果表明:T4处理产量较高,但单果重最低;T1处理产量最低,但单果重最高;T2处理产量相对较低,但单果重相对较高;T3处理产量相对较高,但单果重相对较低。T1处理果实可溶性固形物含量和糖酸比均较高。T2和T3处理果实内在品质均略低于T1处理。负载量对果实着色程度影响不显著。可见,盛果期金陵黄露桃负载量为每株约150个果实时(每667 m^(2)产量约1300 kg),产量较低,但可生产出较大果个的果实,品质较好;每株250~300个果实时(每667 m^(2)产量2000~2400 kg),可保证较高的产量和较大的果个。To assess crop load effect on yield and fruit quality of peach fruits,an experiment was conducted for 3 years.The‘Jinlinghuanglu’peach trees with vase shape were used.The experiment was arranged as a completely randomized design with 4 treatments:T1(150 fruits per tree),T2(250 fruits per tree),T3(300 fruits per tree)and T4(350 fruits per tree)with 6 replicates.It was found that the peach trees of T4 provided a relatively high yield but lowest fruit weight,while T1 gave the lowest yield but highest fruit weight.The peach trees of T2 had a relatively lower yield but relatively higher fruit weight,however,T3 provided a relatively higher yield but relatively lower fruit weight.The peach trees treated with T1 had high level of soluble solids content and sugar-acid ratio.In addition,inner fruit quality in both T2 and T3 was a little lower than T1.Moreover,the fruit coloring degree was not significantly affected by crop load.It was concluded that the yield was lower when the crop load was 150 fruits per tree(1300 kg per 667 m^(2))of‘Jinlinghuanglu’peach trees during full bearing period,however,it could produce larger fruit and better quality.In addition,the crop load between 250 and 300 fruits per tree(2000~2400 kg per 667 m^(2))could assure higher yield and larger fruit size.

关 键 词：桃 负载量 单果重 外观着色 内在品质 

分 类 号：S662.1[农业科学—果树学]