武汉市洪山区2760名学龄前儿童耳科体检分析  

Analysis of physical examination in otology from 2760 preschool children in Hongshan District of Wuhan

作　　者：朱英男 吴丹[1] 苏茜 段传新[1] 张觅 李晖 ZHU Yingnan;WU Dan;SU Xi;DUAN Chuanxin;ZHANG Mi;LI Hui(Hubei Maternity and Child Health Hospital,Wuhan 430070,Hubei,China;Wuhan Hospital of China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430070,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省妇幼保健院耳鼻咽喉科,湖北武汉430070 [2]中国地质大学武汉医院耳鼻咽喉科,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《武汉大学学报（医学版）》2023年第12期1528-1531,共4页Medical Journal of Wuhan University

摘　　要：目的:通过分析3~6岁学龄前儿童耳科体检异常,了解学龄前儿童听力损失发生率及外耳畸形情况。方法:使用畸变产物耳声发射(DPOAE)对武汉市洪山区13家幼儿园2760名3~6岁学龄前儿童进行双耳听力筛查,未通过者转诊至湖北省妇幼保健院耳鼻喉科进行听力学诊断。结果:2760名3~6岁学龄前儿童中初筛未通过115例(4.17%),其中单侧未通过74例(2.68%),双侧未通过41例(1.49%)。73例(60.87%,73/115)接受转诊并进行听力学诊断。其中听力正常11例(15.07%),分泌性中耳炎37例(50.68%)(轻度传导性听力损失22例,中度传导性听力损失3例),耵聍栓塞23例(31.51%),感音神经性听力损失2例(2.74%)。2760名儿童中先天性耳廓畸形170例,先天性耳前瘘管58例,副耳畸形23例。结论:DPOAE应用于学龄前儿童听力筛查可行且有效,本组学龄前儿童听力损失以轻、中度传导性聋及轻度单侧感音神经性聋为主。Objective:To investigate the incidence of hearing loss and external ear malformation of pre⁃school children,and to analyze the abnormalities of otological examination of the preschool children aged 3⁃6 years.Methods:A total of 2760 preschool children aged 3⁃6 years in 13 kindergartens in Hongshan District of Wuhan City were screened for binaural hearing using distortion product otoacous⁃tic emissions(DPOAE).Those who failed were referred to the otorhinolaryngology department of Hu⁃bei Maternity and Child Health Hospital for diagnostic examination.Results:Among 2760 preschool children aged 3⁃6 years,115(4.17%)failed in the primary hearing screening,of which 74 cases(2.68%)failed for unilateral screening and 41 cases(1.49%)failed for bilateral.73 cases(60.87%)accept referrals.In these 73 children,11 had normal hearing,37(50.68%)had otitis media with effu⁃sion,23(31.51%)had impacted cerumen,and 2 cases(2.74%)had sensorineural hearing impair⁃ment.Among the 2760 children,170 had congenital malformation of external ear,58 had congenital preauricular fistula,and 23 had accessory auricles.Conclusion:DPOAE can be used effectively in hearing screening for preschool children.The hearing loss of preschool children in this group was mainly mild to moderate conductive hearing loss and mild unilateral sensorineural hearing loss.

关 键 词：学龄前儿童 听力筛查 先天性外耳畸形 

分 类 号：R764[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]