说话人可靠性和确定性对汉英双语儿童和汉语儿童习得新词意义的影响  

Effects of Speaker Reliability and Certainty on Novel Word Learning in Chinese-English Bilingual and Chinese Monolingual Children

作　　者：吴庄 李慧琳 Wu Zhuang;Li Hui-lin(Center for Linguistics and Applied Linguistics,Guangdong University of Foreign Studies,Guangzhou 510420,China)

机构地区：[1]广东外语外贸大学外国语言学及应用语言学研究中心,广州510420

出　　处：《外语学刊》2023年第6期91-98,共8页Foreign Language Research

基　　金：国家哲学社会科学基金项目“汉语儿童语言中的信息结构研究”(20BYY085)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：采用互动性的词汇识别和学习任务对30名汉英双语儿童和34名汉语单语儿童的实验表明:总体上,儿童对可靠性和确定性等特征非常敏感,在词汇指别时更信任可靠且确定的说话人;可靠性和确定性对儿童习得新词意义有显著影响,儿童从可靠且确定的说话人处接触的新词最可能被习得;确定性的影响在双语和单语儿童间存在差异,双语儿童比单语儿童更信任可靠但不确定的说话人,也更可能从这类说话人处习得新词。双语经历对可靠性的作用没有影响。研究说明,双语经历影响儿童对语用信号的感知,在会话的“方式准则”上,双语儿童比单语儿童更为宽容。Using interactive lexical recognition and learning task,this study explores the novel word learning of 30 Chinese-English bilingual children and 34 Chinese monolingual children.The results indicate that:(1)overall,the children are very sensitive to speaker characteristics like reliability and certainty,and they show a strong tendency to trust reliable speakers with high certainty;(2)both reliability and certainty have significant effects on novel word learning.Words taught by speakers with high reliability and certainty are more likely to be acquired;(3)bilingual experience has effects on children's perception and use of certainty but not reliability in word learning.Bilingual children trust the reliable speakers with low certainty more than monolingual children do,and they are more likely to learn words from these speakers than monolinguals.The bilingual experience influence children's perception of pragmatic cues:bilingual children are more tolerant of the maxim of manner than their monolingual peers.

关 键 词：说话人特征 可靠性 确定性 儿童 双语经历 词汇习得 

分 类 号：H03[语言文字—语言学]