夏威夷果果壳尺寸参数研究及开口机设计与优化  

Research on the size parameters of the fruit shell of macadamia nut and design and optimization of the opening machine

作　　者：向志强[1] 江洁[2] XIANG Zhiqiang;JIANG Jie(Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650500,China;Honghe University,Honghe 661199,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学,昆明650500 [2]红河学院,云南红河661199

出　　处：《包装与食品机械》2023年第6期99-105,共7页Packaging and Food Machinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(6180010254);红河学院高原农业机械关键技术科研创新团队(01610001508);红河学院高原农业机械研究所(01610001478)。

摘　　要：为探究夏威夷果果壳几何尺寸对开口工作产生的影响,及解决农户自行开口加工机械化程度低等问题,通过数据测量、方差分析等方法研究夏威夷果横向、纵向、斜向尺寸及果壳厚度的相关联系,以此为基础设计开口机器,并通过Box-Behnken试验方法对样机输送效率进行优化。试验分析得出,夏威夷果几何尺寸与果壳厚度间无直接关联,仅需对夏威夷果分级后调整开口装置的位置,就能满足各级夏威夷果开口需求;选出夏威夷果横向尺寸为25.5 mm,开口深度为15 mm,果壳厚度为3.5 mm作为开口机的设计参数;得到最佳组合方案为入料口宽度30 mm,输送速度0.12 m/s,物料下落高度40 mm。优化后的夏威夷果开口机输送效率和平均输送效率均高于90%,整机的生产率为400~500 kg/h。研究为夏威夷果开口设备的研制提供参考。In order to explore the influence of the geometric size of macadamia nut shell on the opening work of macadamia nut and solve the problem of low mechanization degree of farmers’self-opening processing,the correlation between the horizontal,longitudinal and oblique dimensions of macadamia nut and the thickness of the shell was studied by means of data measurement and variance analysis.Based on this,the macadamia nut opening machine was designed and the conveyor efficiency of the prototype was optimized by Box-Behnken real test method.The test analysis shows that there is no direct correlation between the geometric size of macadamia nut and the thickness of the shell.The opening demand of macadamia nut can be satisfied only by adjusting the position of the opening device after grading macadamia nut.25.5 mm of the transverse dimension of macadamia nut,15 mm of opening depth,and 3.5 mm of shell thickness were selected as the design parameters of the opening device.The optimal combination scheme is 30 mm inlet width,0.12 m/s conveying speed and 40 mm material falling height.After optimization,the conveying efficiency and average conveying efficiency of the macadamia nut opening machine are higher than 90%,and the productivity of the whole machine is 400~500 kg/h.The study provides a reference for the development of macadamia nut opening equipment.

关 键 词：夏威夷果 开口装置 数据分析 果实压紧 果壳加工 

分 类 号：TS255.35[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]